Perception, Acceptance, and Hesitancy of the Public Regarding Covid-19 Vaccine and Immunization: A Literature Review

Background: Developing a vaccine against COVID-19 is widely regarded as a critical method for containing the pandemic. Public adoption, on the other hand, is contingent on one's view’s to accept and perceptions about the vaccine. The aim of this literature review is to determine the factors that influence public acceptance and hesitancy against Covid-19 vaccines. Objective: To determine the sociodemographic features associated with the public's understanding and acceptance or fear of Covid-19 vaccines. To ascertain the causes that contribute to acceptance or refusal of the Covid vaccine. Method: 22 articles were searched and selected through PubMed database, Google Scholar database, and Scopus database between January 1st, 2020 to 30th December 2020. Discussion: The finding indicates that the United States and the United Kingdom have done the most research on the adoption and rejection of the Covid-19 vaccine, whereas China's experiments have the largest citation rate. The literature indicates that the Australian community has the highest acceptance rate, whereas the Netherlands has the highest distrust and hesitancy toward the Covid-19 vaccine. Conclusion: The Covid-19 virus is urged to be given to the population's needs toward the vaccine but at the same time acceptance rate was varied between each countries population and fear of conspiracy ideas from some countries. Some countries are concerned about the safety of the vaccine being given to their citizens.