Immune-mediated clinical manifestations associated with cocainelevamisole use- A literature review

We know the previously described relationship between the cocaine consumption and the development of clinical inmuno-meditated conditions, so frequently mimicking ANCA-vasculitides. We made a detailed revision of the current knowledge about this topic, also pointing out the changes in the clinical and laboratory findings that seems to occur in the last decades, and their suspected relation with the broad use of levamisole as cutting agent. Finally we summarised the management options described in the literature.