The Conquest of Cattle Dominancy Statuesque in Pastoral Area: A Case of Borana Pastoral in Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia

This study was undertaken in Borana zone to evaluate the livestock production and composition using 125 respondents. The sample households were selected randomly from the randomly selected districts and PAs. The result showed that the livelihood diversification is the reality on the ground unlike the pastoralism jargon. The survey data indicated that crop production covers about 22% of annual income of the Agro/pastoralists. The diversification to the drought resistant livestock and dryland crop farming become expanded in the zone. However, the shift from cattle dominance social system to crop and drought resistant livestock should be examined from economics autonomy besides ecological maintenance. Additionally, this research did not provided attention to the optimization of pastoral livelihood diversification to systemize the natural enforced diversification in the pastoral area. Additionally, this conclusion opens the entry for further investigation to prove the wealth dynamics and asset diversification index in the pastoral area. Thus, it calls for further pastoral economy (income) analysis beyond this study, which demands an integrative research and development interventions to balance the livelihood diversification and ecological balance.