Study of the In-vitro Epigenetic Toxicity Effects of Malaoxon, Malathion Dicarboxylic Acid, Cadmium Chloride and Bisphenol-A on PPAR γ, PPIA and aP2 gene Expressions

Many environmental pollutants are considered to be obsogenes that are encountered to be one of the major nontraditional risk factors for induction of obesity. The aim of the present study is to determine role of malaoxon, malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDCA), cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and bisphenol-A (BPA); as prevalent pollutants in our locality, Egypt. In vitro study was conducted on pre-adipocytes PCS-210-010 cell line, cells were divided into 5 groups: (I) treated with malaoxon, (II) treated with MDCA, (III) treated with CdCl2, (IV) treated with BPA, (V) served as control group. LC50 were determined for treated cells, at different concentrations, using MTT assay, expression of PPARγ, PPIA and aP2 genes were estimated using RT-PCR; and adiponectin (ADP) levels were measured spectrophotometrically. Results showed that the studied pollutants significantly upregulated all the studied genes (p<.001) compared to the control group, as well as, ADP levels were significantly increased in treated cells compared to control cells (p<.001). In conclusion, malaoxon, MDCA, CdCl2 and BPA epigenetically increased the expression of studied genes that play a key role in the process of adipogensis. These results warranted more depth mechanistic studies for each toxicant to elucidate the main pathway of action.