大规模MIMO通信中基于块对角化的混合波束形成参数估计

Kenta Tsuge, Yuyuan Chang, K. Fukawa, S. Suyama, Y. Okumura
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引用次数: 1

摘要

第5代移动通信(5G)将采用大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)技术。为了实现大规模MIMO,混合波束形成(HB)是最有前途的技术之一,因为混合波束形成由模拟波束形成(AB)和数字波束形成(DB)组成,可以显著减少基带和射频(RF)电路的数量。此外,与全DB (FDB)配置相比,HB可以降低更大的成本和功耗,后者需要为每个天线元件提供一个基带和射频电路。本文提出了一种估计AB中相位旋转器的相位和估计DB中的预编码矩阵的方案,使HB能够近似块对角化(BD),从而可以消除不需要的用户的干扰,形成有效的发射波束。对于时分双工(TDD)多用户MIMO通信,该方案在上行链路(UL)估计FDB信道矩阵,在下行链路(DL)估计AB相位旋转器的相位。该方案从估计的FDB信道矩阵和AB预编码矩阵中获得等效信道矩阵后,从等效信道矩阵中估计DL中的DB预编码矩阵,使HB可以近似DL中的BD。计算机仿真结果表明,采用该方案的HB可以实现不低于FDB的DL平均误码率(BER)性能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Parameter Estimation for Block Diagonalization Based Hybrid Beamforming in Massive MIMO Communications
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) will be employed in the 5th generation mobile communications (5G). To implement the massive MIMO, hybrid beamforming (HB) is one of the most promising techniques, because HB is composed of the analog beamforming (AB) and the digital beamforming (DB) and thus can decrease the number of baseband and radio frequency (RF) circuits significantly. Furthermore, HB can reduce a much larger amount of cost and power consumption than the full DB (FDB) configuration, which requires one baseband and RF circuit for each antenna element. This paper proposes a scheme to estimate both phases for phase rotators in AB and a precoding matrix for DB so that HB can approximate the block diagonalization (BD), which can nullify interference from the undesired users and form efficient transmit beams. For time division duplex (TDD) multiuser MIMO communications, the proposed scheme estimates the FDB channel matrix in the uplink (UL) and the phase for the phase rotators of AB in the downlink (DL). After obtaining an equivalent channel matrix from both the estimated FDB channel matrix and the AB precoding matrix, the scheme estimates the DB precoding matrix in DL from the equivalent channel matrix so that HB can approximate BD in DL. Computer simulations demonstrate that HB employing the proposed scheme can achieve DL average bit error rate (BER) performances that are little inferior to those of FDB.
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