Microanalysis of Root Cementum in Patients with Rapidly ProgressivePeriodontitis

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microanalysis of various elements, and assess the surface characteristics of progressive periodontally diseased roots in comparison to sound root surface. Materials and Methods: 50 teeth were collected, 25 teeth from patients have progressive periodontitis, and 25 teeth from healthy patients. Measurements of probing depth and clinical attachment loss were taken prior to extractions. After the horizontal fracturing process of root specimens, healthy and diseased cementum layers of roots were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X ray analysis (DXA). SEM and DXA. The collected data were statistically evaluated using t-test. The level of significance was set at p<0.001. Results: The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the calcium and phosphate contents along the entire cementum of root teeth of the progressive periodontitis and a significant increase in the magnesium and sulphur of the same root teeth in comparison to the control group. In addition, there were remarkable destructions of root cementum, crack lines and deep cavities reaching to the underlying dentin. Conclusion: In conclusion, the alteration in cementum structures and composition due to progressive periodontitis might have an important implication on periodontal therapy. The influence of alteration of cementum composition and structure on periodontal regeneration warrants further exploration.