巴基斯坦教育中的性别不平等与经济增长之间的关系

Arshadi Ali, Imtiaz Ahmad
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引用次数: 0

摘要

巴基斯坦妇女的受教育程度在整个南亚是最低的;妇女和女童在教育领域继续遭受歧视。本研究旨在利用1980年至2019年的年度二级数据,研究教育中的性别差异与巴基斯坦经济成功之间的联系。本研究除了对长期协整关系采用ARDL结合检验技术外,还采用Dickey-Fuller检验和Philip-Peron检验变量的积分顺序,并采用格兰杰因果关系检验因果关系的方向。分析表明,巴基斯坦的性别教育差距将对经济增长产生强烈的不利影响。这一发现是基于经验性解释,例如妇女在小学和中学阶段的受教育程度、政府教育支出、中学教育总额和男性中学教育对增长有重大贡献。然而,人口增长、劳动力总量、男性小学教育程度和小学教育总量与经济增长呈显著负相关。这项研究还发现了长期的成对因果关系,分别从男性和女性的中学学历、男性的小学教育程度、小学教育程度和中学教育程度到经济成功。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
NEXUS BETWEEN GENDER INEQUALITY IN EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN
Pakistan’s women educational attainment has been the lowest in the entire South Asia; with women and girls continuing to suffer discrimination in the field of education. This study is designed to examine the linkage between gender disparity in education and Pakistan economic success, using annual secondary data to date range 1980 to 2019. Also the study checked the variables integration order by using Dickey-Fuller and Philip-Peron tests apart from utilizing the ARDL bound test technique for long-run co-integration relationship while the direction of causality were tested by using Granger causality. The analyses reflect that a strong adverse influence on growth was the result to be yielded from gender educational disparity in Pakistan. This finding is based on the empirical interpretation such as women educational attainment at primary and secondary levels, government expenditures on education, total secondary education and male secondary education significantly contribute to growth. However, the associations of population growth, total labor force, male education at primary level and total primary education with growth being significantly negative. This study also found long run pair-wise causality from male and female secondary school attainment separately, male primary education, total primary and total secondary education to economic success.
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