COVID-19大流行如何加速俄罗斯的电子商务:来自具有空间因素的企业层面数据的证据

IF 0.5 Q3 AREA STUDIES
A. Fedyunina, N. Gorodnyi, Y. Simachev, I. Drapkin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

零售和批发行业受到冠状病毒大流行的严重打击,导致行业发生重大转型。在本研究中,我们分析了企业层面电子商务采用和扩展的因素,以应对COVID-19大流行,并特别关注电子商务的区域层面决定因素。我们使用了欧洲复兴开发银行-欧洲投资银行-世界银行企业调查提供的数据,其中包括对中欧和东欧(CEE)和中亚(CA)公司的约18,000个观察结果以及对俄罗斯公司的约1,000个观察结果。我们使用概率估计和加权概率估计技术。我们的中心假设是,虽然大城市通常被视为电子商务扩张的驱动力,但在采用电子商务方面,落后地区正在赶上领先地区。研究表明,在2019冠状病毒病前电子商务水平较低的地区的公司和大城市的公司更有可能在大流行期间采用电子商务,这证明了俄罗斯地区之间电子商务的趋同。与中东欧和中亚国家的公司相比,出口市场导向和供应链信号并没有促进俄罗斯电子商务的采用。这可以通过分包网络的薄弱发展和俄罗斯中小企业在合作关系中的低参与度来解释。关于政策影响,我们认为政策措施应侧重于低成本解决方案的分配,旨在降低进入壁垒,为外国平台进入俄罗斯开放国内市场,并支持国内平台的发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Accelerated E-Commerce in Russia: Evidence from Firm-Level Data with Spatial Factors
The retail and wholesale sector has been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic, leading to a major sector transformation. In this study, we analyse the factors of firm-level e-commerce adoption and expansion in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and pay special attention to the regional level determinants of e-commerce. We use the data provided by the EBRD-EIB-WB Enterprise Survey that includes about 18,000 observations for firms in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Central Asia (CA) and approximately 1000 observations in Russia. We use the probit and weighted probit estimation techniques. Our central hypothesis states that while large cities are usually seen as drivers of the expansion of e-commerce, lagging regions are catching up with the leading regions in the adoption of e-commerce. The study shows that firms in regions with lower levels of e-commerce before COVID-19 and firms in large cities were more likely to adopt e-commerce during the pandemic, which evidences a convergence in e-commerce between Russian regions. In contrast to the firms in CEE and CA countries, export market orientation and supply chain signals do not foster e-commerce adoption in Russia. This can be explained by weak development of subcontracting networks and low participation of small and medium-sized firms in cooperative relationships in Russia. Regarding policy implications, we argue that policy measures should focus on the distribution of low-cost solutions aiming to decrease entry barriers, liberalise domestic markets for entrance of foreign platforms in Russia, and support the development of domestic platforms.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
20.00%
发文量
23
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