喀斯特植物区系物种丰富度与系统发育多样性的一致性空间格局——以报春花为例

IF 3.7
Meizhen Xu, Li‐Hua Yang, Hanghui Kong, F. Wen, Ming Kang
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引用次数: 15

摘要

中国南方的喀斯特地貌以其高度的物种多样性和特有性而闻名。在全球范围内,喀斯特生态系统受到不可持续的人为干扰和气候变化的威胁,是全球受威胁最严重的生态系统之一。在这项研究中,我们以中国南方典型的喀斯特特有属报春花(Primulina Hance)为模型,确定喀斯特地貌内具有高多样性的区域,并调查系统发育和基于物种的多样性测量之间的一致性。利用系统发育信息和物种分布数据,采用物种丰富度(SR)、修正加权特有度(CWE)、系统发育多样性(PD)和系统发育特有度(PE) 4个指标来衡量物种多样性的地理格局。研究结果表明,区域间具有高度的空间一致性,热点区域集中在南岭山脉(即粤北和广西东北部)和云贵高原东南部(即广西北部和西南部),而CWE的热点区域在整个地理范围内相对均匀。新、古地方主义的分类分析发现,在许多网格细胞中,新、古地方主义混合存在,这表明中国南方喀斯特地区既是植物进化的“博物馆”,也是植物进化的“摇篮”。热点保护缺口分析结果显示,大多数优先热点(>90%)位于保护区之外,表明国家自然保护区对喀斯特植物区系的保护效果有限。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,喀斯特植物区系应受到更多的保护,SR可以作为保护规划中捕获PD的有效替代指标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Congruent spatial patterns of species richness and phylogenetic diversity in karst flora: Case study of Primulina (Gesneriaceae)
The karst landform in southern China is renowned for its high levels of species diversity and endemism. Globally, karst ecosystems are under threat from unsustainable anthropogenic disturbance and climate changes and are among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. In this study, we used the typical karst endemic genus in southern China, Primulina Hance, as a model to identify areas within the karst landform with high diversity and to investigate congruence between phylogenetic and species‐based measures of diversity. Using phylogenetic information and species distribution data, we measured geographical patterns of diversity with four metrics: species richness (SR), corrected weighted endemism (CWE), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and phylogenetic endemism (PE). Our results revealed a high spatial congruence among SR, PD, and PE, with hotspot areas identified in the Nanling Mountains (i.e., north Guangdong and northeast Guangxi) and southeast Yungui Plateau (i.e., north and southwest Guangxi), whereas the hotspots of CWE are comparatively uniform throughout the geographic extent. The categorical analysis of neo‐ and paleoendemism identified a pattern of mixed neo‐ and paleoendemism in numerous grid cells, suggesting that karst areas in southern China have acted as both “museums” and “cradles” of plant evolution. Conservation gap analysis of hotspots revealed that the majority of prioritized hotspots (>90%) of the genus are outside of protected areas, therefore indicating the limited effectiveness of national nature reserves for the karst flora. Overall, our results suggest that the karst flora merits more conservation attention and SR can be an effective surrogate to capture PD in conservation planning.
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