建筑师的任务:使用模型作为结构表现主义

IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE
Matthew Mindrup
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在上面引用的引文中,1957年Eero Saarinen建筑事务所的首席助理Kevin Roche回忆起一个关于环球航空公司(TWA)飞行中心设计的清晨讨论。Roche关于Saarinen的故事提醒我们,在建筑项目的开始,解决方案可能来自各种各样的来源,尤其是来自日常物品。沙里宁当然就是这样,他在一个葡萄柚皮上找到了环球航空飞行中心结构外壳设计的灵感。尽管看起来很新奇,但Saarinen在用模型生成建筑形式的方法上并不是独一无二的;希腊裔法国作曲家、建筑师和工程师伊安尼斯·谢纳基斯(Iannis Xenakis)在1957年与勒·柯布西耶(Le Corbusier)合作时,在1958年布鲁塞尔世博会上为他们的飞利浦馆设计了双曲线外壳。在建筑师的结构设计方法中,模型将发挥决定性的作用,这也体现在约翰·乌松(john Utzon)在堆叠悉尼歌剧院贝壳屋顶模型时发现的“球形解决方案”中。这些对结构表达的探索出现在新一代设计师,包括Eduardo Torroja, Pier Luigi Nervi和Felix Candela,已经实现了一些使用模型来研究和测试结构形式的建筑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The architect’s task: the use of models as structural expressionism
In the above cited quote, Kevin Roche, a principal associate at Eero Saarinen’s architectural practice in 1957, recalls an early morning discussion about the design of the Trans World Airlines’ (TWA) Flight Center. Roche’s story about Saarinen reminds us that at the beginning of an architectural project, a solution may come from any variety of sources, not least of all from everyday objects. This was certainly the case for Saarinen, who found the seed for his design of the structural shells of the TWA Flight Center in the rind of a grapefruit. Despite its seeming novelty, Saarinen is not unique in his approach to the generation of architectural form with models; the Greek-French composer, architect and engineer Iannis Xenakis, who while working with Le Corbusier in 1957, used strings and thick wire to design the hyperbolic shell for their Philips Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels Expo. That a model will play a defining role in an architect’s approach to structural design is also demonstrated by the ‘spherical solution’ that Jørn Utzon discovered while stacking models of his Sydney Opera House’s shell roofs. These explorations with the expression of structure emerged at a time when a new generation of designers, including Eduardo Torroja, Pier Luigi Nervi and Felix Candela, had realised a handful of buildings using models to study and test structural form.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Arq publishes cutting-edge work covering all aspects of architectural endeavour. Contents include building design, urbanism, history, theory, environmental design, construction, materials, information technology, and practice. Other features include interviews, occasional reports, lively letters pages, book reviews and an end feature, Insight. Reviews of significant buildings are published at length and in a detail matched today by few other architectural journals. Elegantly designed, inspirational and often provocative, arq is essential reading for practitioners in industry and consultancy as well as for academic researchers.
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