南极东部南大洋二甲基硫化物生产对模拟气候变化的敏感性

IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
A. Gabric, R. Cropp, T. Hirst, H. Marchant
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引用次数: 51

摘要

二甲基硫醚(Dimethyl sulfide, DMS)是一种具有放射性活性的微量气体,其前体化合物二甲基磺丙酸二甲酯(Dimethyl sulfonioproonate, DMSP)是由海洋浮游植物在海洋上层释放的。一旦通风到大气中,DMS被氧化形成非海盐硫酸盐和甲烷磺酸盐(MSA)气溶胶,它们是遥远海洋空气中云凝结核(CCN)的主要来源,因此可能在气候调节中发挥作用。在这里,我们模拟了1960-2086年南极东部海洋DMS通量的变化,相当于二氧化碳相对于工业化前水平增加了两倍。利用遗传算法将模型与来自4年SeaWiFs卫星档案的地表叶绿素和来自现有全球数据库的地表DMS拟合,对当代气候条件进行校准。根据之前在亚南极南大洋使用的方法,我们通过强迫DMS模式与耦合大气-海洋环流模式(GCM)的输出来模拟增强温室条件下的DMS排放。GCM在IPCC/IS92a辐射强迫情景下以瞬态模式运行。到2086年,模拟无冰水域年综合DMS通量的变化在20%左右,季节性冰区(SIZ)的变化更大,达到45%。有趣的是,SIZ通量的大幅增加不是由于原位产量的增加,而主要是由于夏秋季冰盖的损失和DMS海空通风量的增加。这些面积平均通量的比例变化(25%)远高于先前对亚南极南大洋的估计(5%),并表明在南方高纬度地区可能存在显著的dms -气候反馈。由于冰盖和食物网结构之间的联系,在增强的温室条件下生态群落转移的可能性很高,并讨论了对DMS生产的影响。DOI: 10.1034 / j.1600-0889.2003.00077.x
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The sensitivity of dimethyl sulfide production to simulated climate change in the Eastern Antarctic Southern Ocean
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a radiatively active trace gas produced by enzymatic cleavage of its precursor compound, dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which is released by marine phytoplankton in the upper ocean. Once ventilated to the atmosphere, DMS is oxidised to form non-sea-salt sulfate and methane sulfonate (MSA) aerosols, which are a major source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in remote marine air and may thus play a role in climate regulation. Here we simulate the change in DMS flux in the Eastern Antarctic ocean from 1960–2086, corresponding to equivalent CO 2 tripling relative to pre-industrial levels. Calibration to contemporary climate conditions was carried out using a genetic algorithm to fit the model to surface chlorophyll from the 4-yr SeaWiFs satellite archive and surface DMS from an existing global database. Following the methodology used previously in the Subantarctic Southern Ocean, we then simulated DMS emissions under enhanced greenhouse conditions by forcing the DMS model with output from a coupled atmospheric–ocean general circulation model (GCM). The GCM was run in transient mode under the IPCC/IS92a radiative forcing scenario. By 2086, the change simulated in annual integrated DMS flux is around 20% in ice-free waters, with a greater increase of 45% in the seasonal ice zone (SIZ). Interestingly, the large increase in flux in the SIZ is not due to higher in situ production but mainly because of a loss of ice cover during summer–autumn and an increase in sea-to-air ventilation of DMS. These proportional changes in areal mean flux (25%) are much higher than previously estimated for the Subantarctic Southern Ocean (5%), and point to the possibility of a significant DMS–climate feedback at high Southern latitudes. Due to the nexus between ice cover and food-web structure, the potential for ecological community shifts under enhanced greenhouse conditions is high, and the implications for DMS production are discussed. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00077.x
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期刊介绍: Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology along with its sister journal Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, are the international, peer-reviewed journals of the International Meteorological Institute in Stockholm, an independent non-for-profit body integrated into the Department of Meteorology at the Faculty of Sciences of Stockholm University, Sweden. Aiming to promote the exchange of knowledge about meteorology from across a range of scientific sub-disciplines, the two journals serve an international community of researchers, policy makers, managers, media and the general public.
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