ON THE ISSUE OF TRANSPORTATION OF LIQUEFIED CARBON DIOXIDE

Link for citation: Vanchugov I.M., Rezanov  K.S., Shestakov R.A. On the issue of transportation of liquefied carbon dioxide. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 8, рр. 190-209. In Rus. The relevance of the study is caused by the need to capture and utilize one of the main types of greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide (CO2). This need is primarily related to the ever-increasing CO2 emissions, three quarters of which are accounted for by the combustion of various fuels. The main aim is to analyze and systematize international methods for calculating the pipeline transport of liquefied carbon dioxide (LCO2) to determine differences in numerical results, including factors taken into account and not taken into account in the methods under consideration, as well as to analyze water transport type as an alternative to pipeline transport. Objects: liquefied carbon dioxide, a pipeline for transporting LCO2. Methods: numerical modeling of LCO2 pipeline transport according to international methods to estimate the required diameter capable of providing a given pumping flow rate, analysis of the results obtained. Results. The authors have carried out a review of existing methods for calculating LCO2 pipelines, carried out numerical modeling and analysis of the results were, during which it was revealed that most models ignore the influence of impurities, which, however, affect the technological parameters of operation and modeling of LCO2 pipelines, which will lead to inaccuracies in their design and operation. In addition, it was found that the fluid velocity in the pipeline is calculated according to the parameters in the initial section, which corresponds to its minimum value in the pipeline, and is assumed to be equal to it throughout the pipeline without taking into account the expansion of LCO2 from changes in temperature and pressure along its length and, consequently, without taking into account additional pressure losses and changes in other technological parameters that they can directly affect the operational safety and economic efficiency of the designed or operated LCO2 pipeline. It should also be noted that the diameter determination equations depending on the length of the pipeline are not suitable for estimating the optimal diameter of the pipeline. As for alternatives to pipeline transport, first of all, it is worth noting the possibility of transportation by tankers over long distances or the possibility of using LCO2 to increase the flow rate of deposits on the shelf and in hard-to-reach places of the coastal zone.