A Review on the Role of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture to Increase Crop Productivity

Nanotechnology is a rising field in many research areas now a day. It brings up a vast scope in many areas like agriculture, food preservation, pharmaceuticals, etc. As the world population is increasing rapidly, there is an urgent need to cope with the rising demand for food. Nanotechnology is one of the most pioneering and promising technologies for the transformation of food and agro-industries. Nutrients get depleted yearly due to the continuous farming system in particular farms. Although chemical fertilizers added regularly may sustain the yield, the quality of the yield gets affected nutritionally, which may seriously affect human health. One of the most promising ways to address the drawbacks of conventional agricultural methods is nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a sustainable way of farming that improves the quality, quantity, and security of foods. The importance of nanotechnological application in farming is to offer healthy and complete food from farm to fork, including functional and neutraceutical foods, and also to improve the efficacy, bioavailability, and nutritional status of food. Agro nanotechnology is proven to be an eco-friendly method of farming; this technology can decrease the toxicity of soil and increase its fertility. By incorporating innovative techniques to improve nutritional quality and food safety, the products obtained from the application of nanotechnology to agricultural and food systems might put farmers and manufacturers in a strong competitive position and benefit nearly everyone. Therefore, the use of nanoparticles as fertilizer enhances the growth, nutritional quality, affordability, and sustainability of the crop.