改良盐渍土壤以提高饲料用甜菜产量:土壤改良剂和耕作技术的作用

A. Abd El-Tawab, M. Abdel-Salam, M. Ahmed, Taghred A Hashim
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摘要

鉴于改善盐渍土壤在埃及农业安全政策中的重要性,本研究于2021/2022年冬季在埃及贝尼-苏韦夫省纳赛尔区Kom Abou-Khallad村进行了一项田间试验,旨在确定不同两耕制下的各种改良剂对盐渍土壤某些特性以及饲料甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)生长和生产力的影响。采用不同的改良技术,使用土壤调节剂(天然石膏、水泥粉尘改性、磷石膏和过滤泥),在两种耕作系统下进行,即浅层和深层(底土)。结果表明,与浅耕相比,深耕使土壤容重和渗透阻力分别降低了7.75%和13.6%,总孔隙度和导水率分别提高了7.31%和7.7%。增加有效水分约1.51%,降低pH,降低ECe约12.47%,降低ESP约10.44%,增加土壤有机质约6.25%,使根和芽的新鲜产量分别提高约22.75%和34.32%。对饲用甜菜植株的养分吸收量,干根和干顶产量分别增加21.75%和22.45%。全氮、全磷和全钾相对增加量分别达到28.58%、29.27%和30.87%。在盐渍土壤中施用土壤调节剂(特别是过滤泥),以18 mg / ha的速率种植处理过的饲料植物,通过改善土壤性质减少了盐渍的有害影响,从而提高了其生产力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Improving Salt-Affected Soils for Enhanced Fodder Beet Productivity: Effects of Soil Conditioners and Tillage Techniques
Due to the importance of improving salt-affected soils in Egypt's agricultural security policy, a field experiment was conducted in the winter of 2021/2022 at Kom Abou-Khallad village, Nasser district, Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt, aiming to determine the impact of various amendments with various two-tillage systems on certain properties of salt-affected soils, as well as the growth and productivity of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Different amelioration techniques were applied using soil conditioners (natural gypsum, cement dust modified, phosphogypsum, and filter mud) that were carried out under two tillage systems, namely, shallow and deep (subsoil). The results show that subsoil tillage decreases bulk density and penetration resistance by about 7.75 and 13.6% and increases total porosity and hydraulic conductivity by about 7.31 and 7.7% over shallow tillage, respectively. increase available water by about 1.51 %, reduce pH, decrease ECe by about 12.47 %, decrease ESP by about 10.44 %, and increase soil organic matter by about 6.25 %, as well as increase the fresh yield of roots and shoots by about 22.75 and 34.32 %, respectively. The corresponding increases for dry roots and tops yields were 21.75 and 22.45%, respectively, for the nutrient uptake of fodder beet plants. The relative increment in total N, P, and K uptake reached 28.58, 29.27, and 30.87%, respectively. Treated fodder plants cultivated in salt-affected soil with soil conditioners, especially filter mud, at a rate of 18 mg ha resulted in a decreased hazardous effect of salinity by improving soil properties, which consequently increased its productivity.
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