{"title":"尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州Uyo大学教研农场坡向和坡位对土壤物理质量的影响及其管理意义","authors":"Ogban P.I.","doi":"10.4314/as.v20i3.6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The effect of north and south aspects (NA and SA) and positions viz upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS) on soil physical quality from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated at the University of Uyo Teaching & Research Farm, to identify management factors at the Farm. Results showed that coarse sand increased while clay content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and soil textural class was loamy sand on slope aspects and positions. Soil bulk density and total porosity were similar on the slope aspects and positions. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher on SA (10.6 cm h–1) than NA (3.1 cm h–1) but declined by 93.03% and 52.47%, respectively in 20 years. Soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter of soil aggregates and structural index decreased by 14.81% and 38.33%, 60.53% and 55.53%, 31.26% and 21.71%, and 48.60% and 69.0%, respectively in NA and SA within the 20-year period. One minute infiltration rate was similar on NA and SA, while final infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, sorptivity and transmissivity were significantly (p < 0.05) different; these soil hydraulic properties decreased in NA and SA by 83.0% and 86.43%, 52.63% and 14.29%, 81.53% and 63.9%, 95.0% and 85.63% and 90.42% and 96.11%, respectively on the aspects after the 20 years. Slope aspects and positions were generally similar in their effects on soil physical quality attributes, most of which were degraded after the 20 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified seven soil quality management factors namely (1) water intake, (2) soil texture, (3) soil pore space, (4) and (6) Fe and Al oxide, and (5) and (7) soil structural stability factors that could be used to improve and conserve the soil and water for increases in crop production on the farm.","PeriodicalId":15011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agro-environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of slope aspect and position on soil physical quality and management implications at University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria\",\"authors\":\"Ogban P.I.\",\"doi\":\"10.4314/as.v20i3.6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The effect of north and south aspects (NA and SA) and positions viz upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS) on soil physical quality from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated at the University of Uyo Teaching & Research Farm, to identify management factors at the Farm. Results showed that coarse sand increased while clay content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and soil textural class was loamy sand on slope aspects and positions. Soil bulk density and total porosity were similar on the slope aspects and positions. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher on SA (10.6 cm h–1) than NA (3.1 cm h–1) but declined by 93.03% and 52.47%, respectively in 20 years. Soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter of soil aggregates and structural index decreased by 14.81% and 38.33%, 60.53% and 55.53%, 31.26% and 21.71%, and 48.60% and 69.0%, respectively in NA and SA within the 20-year period. One minute infiltration rate was similar on NA and SA, while final infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, sorptivity and transmissivity were significantly (p < 0.05) different; these soil hydraulic properties decreased in NA and SA by 83.0% and 86.43%, 52.63% and 14.29%, 81.53% and 63.9%, 95.0% and 85.63% and 90.42% and 96.11%, respectively on the aspects after the 20 years. Slope aspects and positions were generally similar in their effects on soil physical quality attributes, most of which were degraded after the 20 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified seven soil quality management factors namely (1) water intake, (2) soil texture, (3) soil pore space, (4) and (6) Fe and Al oxide, and (5) and (7) soil structural stability factors that could be used to improve and conserve the soil and water for increases in crop production on the farm.\",\"PeriodicalId\":15011,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Agro-environmental Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Agro-environmental Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v20i3.6\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Agro-environmental Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v20i3.6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
以2000 - 2020年尤尤大学教研农场为研究对象,评价了南北向(NA)和南北向(SA)以及上(US)、中(MS)和下(LS)位置对土壤物理质量的影响,以确定该农场的管理因素。结果表明:在坡向和坡位上,粗砂含量显著增加,粘土含量显著减少(p < 0.05),土壤质地类型为壤土砂;土壤容重和总孔隙度在坡向和坡位上相似。饱和水导率在SA (10.6 cm h-1)下显著高于NA (3.1 cm h-1) (p < 0.05),但在20年间分别下降了93.03%和52.47%。土壤有机碳、水稳性团聚体、团聚体平均重径和结构指数在20年内分别下降了14.81%和38.33%、60.53%和55.53%、31.26%和21.71%、48.60%和69.0%。NA和SA的1分钟入渗速率相似,最终入渗速率、累积入渗速率、吸附性和透过率差异显著(p < 0.05);20年后,土壤水力学性能在各方面分别下降了83.0%和86.43%、52.63%和14.29%、81.53%和63.9%、95.0%和85.63%、90.42%和96.11%。坡向和坡位对土壤物理质量属性的影响基本相似,但20年后大部分土壤物理质量属性发生退化。主成分分析(PCA)确定了7个土壤质量管理因子,即:(1)取水量,(2)土壤质地,(3)土壤孔隙空间,(4)和(6)铁和铝氧化物,(5)和(7)土壤结构稳定因子,可以用来改善和保持土壤和水,以提高农场的作物产量。
Influence of slope aspect and position on soil physical quality and management implications at University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
The effect of north and south aspects (NA and SA) and positions viz upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS) on soil physical quality from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated at the University of Uyo Teaching & Research Farm, to identify management factors at the Farm. Results showed that coarse sand increased while clay content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and soil textural class was loamy sand on slope aspects and positions. Soil bulk density and total porosity were similar on the slope aspects and positions. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher on SA (10.6 cm h–1) than NA (3.1 cm h–1) but declined by 93.03% and 52.47%, respectively in 20 years. Soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter of soil aggregates and structural index decreased by 14.81% and 38.33%, 60.53% and 55.53%, 31.26% and 21.71%, and 48.60% and 69.0%, respectively in NA and SA within the 20-year period. One minute infiltration rate was similar on NA and SA, while final infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, sorptivity and transmissivity were significantly (p < 0.05) different; these soil hydraulic properties decreased in NA and SA by 83.0% and 86.43%, 52.63% and 14.29%, 81.53% and 63.9%, 95.0% and 85.63% and 90.42% and 96.11%, respectively on the aspects after the 20 years. Slope aspects and positions were generally similar in their effects on soil physical quality attributes, most of which were degraded after the 20 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified seven soil quality management factors namely (1) water intake, (2) soil texture, (3) soil pore space, (4) and (6) Fe and Al oxide, and (5) and (7) soil structural stability factors that could be used to improve and conserve the soil and water for increases in crop production on the farm.