高功率等离子体烧蚀WS2多壁纳米管制备单壁到三壁WS2纳米管

V. Brüser, R. Popovitz‐Biro, A. Albu‐Yaron, T. Lorenz, G. Seifert, R. Tenne, A. Zak
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引用次数: 26

摘要

从小尺寸(直径<10纳米)和层数(<4层)的层状化合物中合成无机纳米管(INT)不是一项简单的任务。基于密度泛函紧密结合理论(DFTB)的计算预测,在高ergergonic条件下,反应可能被驱动到一个(元)稳定的“窗口”,在那里将形成1 - 3层纳米管。事实上,在本研究中,通过高功率等离子体辐照多壁WS2纳米管,制备了直径为3-7 nm、长度为20-100 nm的单壁到三壁WS2纳米管。研究了平面晶体(2H)、准球形纳米颗粒(IF)和多壁20-30层WS2纳米管作为靶材料。令人惊讶的是,只有经过等离子体处理的INT-WS2产生了非常小的“子”纳米管,而且只有几层。子纳米管大多附着在前体的外表面,即多壁“母”纳米管。它们要么与多壁纳米管有一个共同的生长轴,要么相对于其轴倾斜约30°或60°。这表明子纳米管是沿着特定的晶体学方向剥落而产生的。提出了子纳米管的生长机理。高分辨率透射电镜和扫描电镜(HRTEM/HRSEM)分析揭示了其独特的纳米级结构,并有助于阐明其生长机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes
The synthesis of inorganic nanotubes (INT) from layered compounds of a small size (<10 nm in diameter) and number of layers (<4) is not a trivial task. Calculations based on density functional tight-binding theory (DFTB) predict that under highly exergonic conditions, the reaction could be driven into a “window” of (meta-) stability, where 1–3-layer nanotubes will be formed. Indeed, in this study, single- to triple-wall WS2 nanotubes with a diameter of 3–7 nm and a length of 20–100 nm were produced by high-power plasma irradiation of multiwall WS2 nanotubes. As target materials, plane crystals (2H), quasi spherical nanoparticles (IF) and multiwall, 20–30 layers, WS2 nanotubes were assessed. Surprisingly, only INT-WS2 treated by plasma resulted in very small, and of a few layers, “daughter” nanotubules. The daughter nanotubes occur mostly attached to the outer surface of the predecessor, i.e., the multiwall “mother” nanotubes. They appear having either a common growth axis with the multiwall nanotube or tilted by approximately 30° or 60° with respect to its axis. This suggests that the daughter nanotubes are generated by exfoliation along specific crystallographic directions. A growth mechanism for the daughter nanotubes is proposed. High resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopy (HRTEM/HRSEM) analyses revealed the distinctive nanoscale structures and helped elucidating their growth mechanism.
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