内心的喜悦:在撒哈拉以南的非洲,土耳其人对穆斯林白人的建构

Ezgi Güner
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摘要

本文分析了土耳其和非洲穆斯林之间的人道主义相遇的种族框架,作为第一次接触的比喻。加强与撒哈拉以南非洲的人道主义关系,配合正义与发展党(AKP)的外交政策,导致土耳其出现了一个种族化的情感政权,赋予伊斯兰慈善事业新的种族意义。本文认为,白人穆斯林和黑人穆斯林等种族主题是通过人道主义志愿者和其他人的情感劳动产生的,他们叙述和传播了在土耳其的第一次接触的经历。本文以土耳其、坦桑尼亚、塞内加尔、冈比亚和贝宁的多地点民族志为基础,探讨了作为情感劳动的种族制造。在接受Berg和Ramos-Zayas对种族和情感的人类学理论化的呼吁后,它发展了一个关键的框架来研究人道主义自愿主义如何产生不同的种族化主体。为了做到这一点,本分析借鉴了詹姆斯·鲍德温对第一次接触的种族和情感政治的见解,讨论了土耳其人道主义者如何建立和改变鲍德温描述的种族化的情感政权。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rejoicing of the hearts: Turkish constructions of Muslim whiteness in Africa south of the Sahara
Abstract This article analyses the racial framing of the humanitarian encounter between Turkish and African Muslims as a trope of first contact. Intensifying humanitarian relations with Africa south of the Sahara, in tandem with the foreign policy of the AKP (Justice and Development Party), has led to the emergence of a racialized affective regime in Turkey that endows Islamic philanthropy with new racial meanings. This article argues that racial subjects such as the White Muslim and the Black Muslim are produced through the affective labour of humanitarian volunteers and others, who narrativize and circulate experiences of first contact in Turkey. Based on a multi-sited ethnography in Turkey, Tanzania, Senegal, Gambia and Benin, this article explores race-making as affective labour. Taking on Berg and Ramos-Zayas’s call for an anthropological theorization of race and affect, it develops a critical framework to examine how humanitarian voluntarism produces differently racialized subjects. In order to do so, this analysis draws on James Baldwin’s insights into the racial and affective politics of the first contact to discuss how Turkish humanitarians build on and alter the racialized affective regime Baldwin describes.
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