在家工作在塞尔维亚、黑山、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那以及北马其顿的经济和社会优势和局限性

IF 0.4 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
B. Đukanović, Mirjana Radović-Marković, Nebojša Macanović, A. Maksimović
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本研究的作者分析了西巴尔干地区四个国家(塞尔维亚、黑山、北马其顿和波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那)在家工作的经济和社会优势和局限性。这项研究采用电子调查的方式,对来自塞尔维亚的408名受访者、来自黑山的201名受访者、来自北马其顿的221名受访者和来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的201名受访者进行了适当的抽样调查。在研究中,我们制作了一份由14个问题组成的问卷,这些问题的答案都是名义形式的。这些问题涉及在家工作的几个经济和社会优势和局限性,首先是受访者是否会推荐在家工作,这项工作的优势,建立这种类型的业务的指导方针,是否涉及家庭成员,成功在家工作的基本规则是什么以及绩效评估,办公室组织,外观和着装要求,是否从事全职或兼职工作,老板对企业的信心程度和每年的收益,为此目的使用的策略,最常见的问题和克服这些问题的策略,以及对未来企业家的实用建议。总的来说,来自四个国家的受访者对在家工作的积极态度明显多于消极态度,尽管各国之间存在显著的差异。对于所有受访者来说,在家工作的主要动机是灵活的工作时间和良好的收入。受访者强调了精心设计的商业计划的重要性,但大多数人在提高业绩方面的策略都是千篇一律的。此外,他们否认人体工学法则对成功的重要性,如果失败,他们希望得到亲戚和朋友的支持和帮助。在业务规划、决定永久性或额外的活动以及向其他人提供建议方面,受访者存在着相当大的矛盾心理。主要的原因应该是由于非常有限的初始投资,减少和低积累的工作(贸易,提供智力服务等)。来自黑山的受访者在(在家)工作时,心理社会问题最多,在家庭和亲戚的支持最少的情况下,努力调和职业和家庭义务。北马其顿的受访者与他们有些相似,尽管他们对家庭的定位更好。最成功和最满意的受访者来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那。这是最年轻的人口,在IT行业中相对占多数。来自塞尔维亚的受访者在满意度以及与家庭成员、亲戚和朋友的亲密程度方面与来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的受访者最为相似。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Economic and Social Advantages and Limitations of Working from Home in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia
The authors of this study analyzed the economic and social advantages and limitations of working from (at) home in four countries of the Western Balkans - Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was carried out by applying an electronic survey on appropriate samples of 408 respondents from Serbia, 201 from Montenegro, 221 from North Macedonia and 201 from Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the research, a questionnaire consisting of 14 questions with answers in nominal form was created. The questions referred to several economic and social advantages and limitations of working from (at) home, starting with whether the respondents would recommend working from (at) home, the advantages of this work, the guidelines about establishing this type of business, whether to involve family members, what are the basic rules for a successful business from (at) home and performance evaluation, office organization, appearance and dress code, whether to engage in full-time or part-time work, the level of confidence of the owner in the business and earnings from year to year, the strategies used for this purpose, the most common problems and strategies for overcoming them, as well as practical advice to future entrepreneurs. In general, respondents from all four countries showed significantly more positive than negative attitudes toward working at (from) home, although there are noticeable and significant differences between countries. The main motives for working from home are flexible working hours and good earnings for all respondents. The respondents emphasized the importance of a well-designed business plan, but most have stereotypical strategies regarding the increase in performance. Also, they denied the importance of ergonomic rules for success, and in case of failure, they expect support and help from relatives and friends. There is a significant dose of ambivalence in business planning, making decisions about permanent or additional activities, and providing advice to others among the respondents. The main reasons should be sought in decreased and low-accumulative jobs (trade, providing of intellectual services, etc.) due to very limited initial investments. Respondents from Montenegro have the most psychosocial problems when working from (at) home and struggle with reconciling professional and family obligations with the least support from family and relatives. Respondents from North Macedonia are somewhat similar to them, although they are better positioned towards their families. The most successful and satisfied are the respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is the youngest population that is relatively mostly represented in the IT sector. Respondents from Serbia are most similar to respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of satisfaction, as well as in closeness to family members, relatives, and friends.
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IPSI BgD Transactions on Internet Research
IPSI BgD Transactions on Internet Research COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-
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