Tef (Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.))的评价抗干旱体细胞克隆

Brikti Ferede, F. Mekbib, K. Assefa, S. Chanyalew, E. Abraha, Z. Tadele
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引用次数: 1

摘要

鉴于目前提高作物产量的需要,采用常规方法进行耐湿性育种已不能令人满意。诱导体细胞无性系变异是获得耐胁迫变异的一种潜在技术。本研究对tef体细胞无性系(R1代)及其亲本基因型的耐旱性进行了评价。本实验所用材料均为前人体外培养实验的R0代材料。12个种子衍生体细胞无性系;采用Melko 0、Melko 0.5、Melko 1、Melko 1.5、Gemechis 0、Gemechis 0.5、Gemechis 1、Gemechis 1.5、Pop12S20、Pop12S20.5、Pop12S21和Pop12S21.5及其亲本基因型(Melko、Gemechis和Pop12S2)在温室盆栽条件下进行水分胁迫和非胁迫两组试验。实验采用完全随机设计,重复3次。方差分析表明,在两种水分条件下,体细胞无性系(R1代)及其亲本基因型的所有性状差异均极显著(P≤0.01)。比较了水分胁迫和非水分胁迫条件下体细胞无性系及其亲本所测得性状的变化。在水分胁迫条件下,体细胞无性系除颖花/穗数和分蘖/株数外均表现出优势。另一方面,在非胁迫条件下,亲本基因型在穗粒数、穗重、穗粒重、株重、籽粒重和产量方面表现较好。结果表明,水分胁迫对所有体细胞无性系及其亲本基因型均有不利影响。与亲本基因型相比,体细胞无性系受水分胁迫的影响较小。因此,体外培养诱导的体细胞无性系变异可以有效地用于耐旱tef基因型的选择和改良。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of Tef ( Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) Somaclones for Drought Tolerance
Breeding for moisture stress tolerance by conventional methods is not satisfactory in view of current demand to increase crop productivity. Inducing somaclonal variation is a potential technique to obtain stress tolerant variants. The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of tef somaclones (R1 generation) and their respective parental genotypes for drought tolerance. The materials used in this experiment were obtained from the R0 generation of previous in vitro culture experiment. Twelve seed derived somaclones; Melko 0, Melko 0.5, Melko 1, Melko 1.5, Gemechis 0, Gemechis 0.5, Gemechis 1, Gemechis 1.5, Pop12S20, Pop12S20.5, Pop12S21 and Pop12S21.5 and their respective parental genotypes (Melko, Gemechis and Pop12S2) were used under two set of experiments (i.e., under moisture stress and non-stress conditions) in pots under green house. The experiments were laid out in completely randomized design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that somaclones (R1 generation) and their parental genotypes showed highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference in all the measured traits under both moisture regimes. Comparisons were made between the somaclones and their parents under moisture stress and non-stress conditions for the measured traits. Under moisture stress condition superiority of the somaclones was observed except for number of spikelet/panicle and total number of tiller/plant. On the other hand, under non-stress condition better performance was observed from parental genotypes for number of spikelet/ panicle, panicle weight, panicle seed weight, plant weight, plant seed weight and grain yield. The results showed that all the somaclones and their parental genotypes were negatively affected by moisture stress for all studied parameters. However, somaclones were less affected by moisture stress as compared to the parental genotypes. Hence, in vitro culture induced somaclonal variation can effectively be used for selection and improvement of drought tolerant tef genotypes.
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