杂货店购物变得复杂了。阿尔茨海默病患者在超市的双重任务管理

F. Morganti, Elena Minelli
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引用次数: 1

摘要

用纸笔测试的执行功能神经心理学评估对缺乏生态效度特别敏感。如果临床医生的目的不仅仅是得到一个理论测量,而是评估缺陷对患者生活的影响,那么执行功能的经典测试就不是很有用。一种更生态的措施可以通过直接观察患者的日常生活来提供,但这种做法在很大程度上成本高昂且难以实施。此外,通过假设一种动作认知方法,典型的神经心理学测试仍未揭示具身行为与agent活动所在环境的耦合所提供的启示之间的相互作用。近年来,在临床神经心理学中引入虚拟现实模拟似乎为评估疾病对神经系统患者的生态影响提供了独特的机会,同时为具身认知和动作知识获取的研究提供了新的输入。这项贡献旨在分析如何在超市场景中进行虚拟现实双任务测试,以评估成人/老年人和阿尔茨海默病患者的执行功能。结果表明,与迷你心理状态评估和伦敦塔测试相比,该测试具有收敛效度;与年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的健康受试者相比,该测试在识别退行性疾病方面具有判别效度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Grocery Shopping Has Become Complicated. Managing Dual-tasks in a Supermarket for Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
The executive functions neuropsychological assessment with paper and pencil tests is particularly sensitive to the lack of ecological validity. If the purpose of the clinician is not to get a merely theoretical measure, but to assess the deficit impact on patient’s life, the classical tests for executive functions are not very informative. A more ecological measure could be provided by the direct observation of the patient in his daily life, but this practice is largely cost-demanding and difficult to implement. Moreover by assuming an enactive cognition approach, the role of interaction between the embodied behaviors and the affordances provided in the coupling with the environment in which the agent’s activity is placed remains unrevealed from classical neuropsychological tests. Recently, the introduction of virtual reality simulations in clinical neuropsychology seems to provide peculiar opportunities for the evaluation of the ecological impact of disease in neurological patients, while introducing new inputs for the research on embodied cognition and enactive knowledge acquisition. This contribution aims in analyzing how a virtual reality dual-task test, set in the scene of a supermarket, can be used to assess executive functions in adult/elderly population and in patients with Alzheimer disease. The results show that the test has convergent validity, compared to the Mini Mental State Evaluation and Tower of London tests and discriminant validity in identifying the degenerative disease, compared to healthy subjects matched for age, sex and education.
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