20世纪30年代下半叶乌克兰在电机设计中借用外国投影和技术解决方案的做法

IF 0.2 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Ihor Annienkov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文基于问题年代学、比较史学、史学和资料研究方法以及实现方法,确定了乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国在20世纪30年代下半叶设计电机时借鉴外国设计和技术解决方案的程度。以及在历史编纂中缺乏明确信息的原因,这一现象在共和国的这个年代阶段的存在。该出版物对电机制造过程的科学支持质量进行了总体评估,确定了实现所研究的科学技术借鉴的方法及其发展动态,分析了它们在乌克兰电机制造部门产品技术水平增长中的作用。研究发现,在审议期间,乌克兰电气机械制造生产的科学保障水平不足以安排整个部门工业产品系列的完全独立设计,因此,科学和技术借用仍然是在其应用的整个纬度范围内保持新型电机设计和生产的必要发展速度的唯一途径。根据档案文件,人们发现,一方面,由于苏联在20世纪30年代至40年代初对电力设备的需求迅速增长,另一方面,由于在乌克兰组织大规模生产的可能性的提高,这种借款的规模像雪崩一样增长。与此同时,由于共和电机制造的科学技术潜力的增长,在20世纪30年代末实现它们的过程的性质发生了变化,并允许它们被模仿为国内设计师的独家独立成就。这就是乌克兰电机制造商在所考虑的时期如何向整个苏联社会展示的成就,这随后使他们在相关的史学中获得了立足点,然而,本出版物中的事实和论点完全驳斥了这一既定观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The practice of borrowing foreign projection and technological solutions in the design of electrical machines in Ukraine in the second half of the 1930s
This article, based on the problem-chronological, comparative-historical, historiographical, and source-research methods, as well as the method of actualization, identifies the extent of borrowing foreign design and technological solutions in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic for projecting electrical machines in the second half of the 1930s, as well as the reasons for the absence of unambiguous information in historiography regarding the existence of this phenomenon in the republic at this chronological stage. The publication provides a general assessment of the quality of scientific support for the processes of creating electrical machines, establishes the ways of fulfilling the scientific-technical borrowings that were studied and the dynamics of their development, analyzes their role in the growth of the technical level of products of the Ukrainian electrical machine-building branch. It was found that the level of a scientific escort for electrical machine-building production in Ukraine during the considered period was insufficient for arranging a completely independent design of the entire range of sectoral industrial products, therefore, scientific and technical borrowings remained the only way to maintain the necessary rates of development in the design and production of new types of electrical machines across the entire latitude spectrum of their application. According to the archival documents, it was found that because of the rapid growth of the Soviet Union’s needs at the turn of the 1930s–1940s for electric power equipment, on the one hand, and the improvement of the possibility of organizing its mass production in Ukraine, on the other, the scale of such borrowings grew like an avalanche. At the same time, because of the growth of the scientific-technical potential of the republican electrical machine-building, the nature of the procedure for their fulfillment at the end of the 1930s changed and allowed their mimicry as the exclusively independent achievements of domestic designers. This is how the achievements of Ukrainian electric machine builders were presented to the entire Soviet society during the considered period, which subsequently allowed them to gain a foothold in the relevant historiography, however, the facts and arguments in this publication completely refute this established opinion.
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来源期刊
History of Science and Technology
History of Science and Technology Arts and Humanities-Museology
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
33.30%
发文量
11
审稿时长
8 weeks
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