额尔齐斯河地区松林维管植物的分类与生态学分析

Botakoz Yelkenova, R. Beisenova, Nurziia Shaikenovna Karipbayeva
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摘要

本文对额尔齐斯河地区松林草本植物区系的生物多样性进行了分类、生物形态学和地理分析,共包括42科116属168种植物。草本植物的最大植物科分析表明,优势群落为黄花蒿(Artemisia L.) -黄花蒿(Festucaria Heist)。Fabr交货。蒿属(Artemisia L., Festuca Heist)。Fabr交货。毛针茅(Stipa capillata L.);在所有研究点中,下列植物种是羊茅的优势种或共优势种。凤梨草(L.)Gaertn。毛针茅,花蒿,草苔。Wahlenb交货。植物区系以被子植物为基础,包括双子叶植物137种(81%);单子叶植物——28种(16.6%)。裸子植物以西洋松(Pinus sylvestris L.)和桧(Juniperus sabina L.) 2种和马尾木贼(equisetum arvense L. horsetail) 1种为代表。植物区系的丰富程度也从其分类组成的一些定量指标中得到了体现:一个科的平均物种饱和度为4个,最高可达36个。物种数量高于平均水平的富裕科有9个(占科总数的21.4%),最贫穷的单一科有22个(占总数的52.3%)。排名前10位的科包含了全部花卉多样性的71%。研究区域植物区系多样性的高水平是由于植物栖息地的生态条件的多样性(额尔齐斯河流域的湿度和盐度变化很大,邻近河畔高地的各种岩石)和人类活动导致杂草和外来植物物种的增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Taxonomic and ecological analysis of vascular plants of the pine forest of the Irtysh Region
The article presents a taxonomic, biomorphological, geographical analysis of the biodiversity of the flora of herbaceous species of pine forests of the Irtysh region, which is represented by 168 plant species belonging to 116 genera and 42 families. Analysis of the largest flora families of herbaceous species shows that the dominant communities are Artemisia L. — Festucaria Heist. ex Fabr. and Artemisia L. — Poaceae Barnhart (Artemisia L., Festuca Heist. ex Fabr., Stipa capillata L.) phytocenoses. In all the studied sites, the following plant species are dominates or codominants of Festuca rupicola Heuff., Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., Stipa capillata L., Artemisia vulgaris L., Carex supina Willd. ex Wahlenb., Spiraea hypericifolia L. The flora is based on angiosperms, including dicotyledons — 137 species (81 %); monocotyledons — 28 species (16.6 %). Gymnosperms are represented by two species of Pinus sylvestris L., Juniperus sabina L., and there is also one species of Eguisetum arvense L. horsetail. The richness of the flora is also emphasized by some quantitative indicators of its taxonomic composition: the average species saturation of one family is 4, the maximum is 36. There are 9 rich families with the number of species above the average (21.4 % of the total number of families), and 22 the poorest, single — species families (52.3 %). The top ten leading families contain 71 % of the total floral diversity. The high level of floristic diversity of the studied territory is due to the variety of ecological conditions of plant habitats (the valley of the Irtysh River with a high variation in moisture and salinity, a variety of rocks of the adjacent riverside uplands) and anthropogenic activities leading to an increase in weed and adventitious plant species.
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