The prognostic factors of survival and recurrence in patients with serous ovarian and uterine cancers treated in a single institution for 17 years

Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify the prognostic factors of survival and recurrence in ovarian and uterine serous cancer patients. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Tepecik Research and Education Hospital, İzmir, Turkey, between January 2002 and January 2019. The medical files of 2,027 endometrial and 821 ovarian patients who underwent examination for endometrial cancer and epithelial ovarian cancer were examined retrospectively by the same author. The data of eligible 385 and 49 patients diagnosed with ovarian and uterine serous carcinoma, respectively, were identified for analysis from the hospital database. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression and binary logistic regression analyses of patients were performed. Results: The mean age of ovarian serous cancer patients (n = 385) was 53.9 ± 10.9 years. The mean age of uterine serous cancer patients (n = 49) was 67.2 ± 10.6 years. A total of 81 ovarian serous cancer patients (21.0%) had stage 1, while 24 (6.2%) had stage 2, and 31 (8.1%) had stage 4 disease. A total of 26 uterine serous carcinoma patients (53.1%) had stage 1 disease, 6 (12.2%) had stage 2, 10 (20.4%) had stage 3, and 7 (14.3%) had stage 4 disease. For ovarian serous patients, stage, grade, optimality, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy cycle number, and recurrence had impact on both overall and disease-free survival (p < 0.05). For uterine serous cancer patients, optimality was the only prognostic factor for both survival and recurrence (p = 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: In ovarian serous cancer patients, we found that disease stage, grade, optimality, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy cycle number had impact on overall and disease-free survival in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, whereas disease stage and optimality were the only significant prognostic factors for recurrence in ovarian serous cancer patients. However, in patients with uterine serous carcinomas, optimal surgery was the only independent prognostic factor both for survival and recurrence.