石油深层成因与相“冻结”的热力学模型

IF 0.7 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
S. Marakushev, O. Belonogova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基于油气矿床成因的深层无机概念,考虑了岩石圈中这些含岩储层的演化。通过对相图和实验数据的分析,可以确定地球内部非甲烷碳氢化合物演化的两种趋势。在上地幔中,重烃(H/C比较低)的“亚稳态”随深度增加而增加。然而,在与地表地幔-地壳热液条件相对应的温度和压力下,重碳氢化合物的“相对亚稳性”随着接近地表而增加。当深层烃类流体上升到地表时,由于氢逸度的下降和气→液油的相变,形成了含岩油藏。在油藏的物理和化学条件下,在液态油、气态烃和CO2与固体(假晶)之间建立了亚稳态可逆相平衡。“油源”岩的“成熟”和“不成熟”干酪根。氢压力和温度的降低导致液体油的化学计量相变(“冻结”)变成固体干酪根。这是石油烃在高温CO2固定和低温水化过程中脱氢的结果,是石油烃转化为干酪根的主要地球化学途径。因此,烃源岩储层中碳物质的形成是深层烃流体、天然气、液态油和新出现的环烷聚集的退变质作用的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Thermodynamic model of the deep origin of oil and its phase "freezing"
Based on the deep inorganic concept of the origin of oil and gas deposits, the evolution of these petrogenic reservoirs in the lithosphere is considered. The analysis of phase diagrams and experimental data made it possible to determine two trends in the evolution of non-methane hydrocarbons in the Earth's interior. In the upper mantle, the "metastability" of heavy (with a lower H/C ratio) hydrocarbons increases with depth. However, at temperatures and pressures corresponding to the surface mantle-crustal hydrothermal conditions, the “relative metastability” of heavy hydrocarbons increases with approach to the surface. When deep HCs fluids rise to the surface, petrogenic oil reservoirs are formed as a result of a drop in hydrogen fugacity and a gas → liquid oil phase transition. Under the physical and chemical conditions of an oil reservoir, metastable reversible phase equilibria are established between liquid oil, gas hydrocarbons and CO2 and solid (pseudocrystalline) "mature" and "immature" kerogens of "oil source" rocks. A decrease in hydrogen pressure and temperature leads to a stoichiometric phase transition (“freezing”) of liquid oil into solid kerogens. This occurs as a result of oil dehydrogenation in the processes of high-temperature CO2 fixation and low-temperature hydration of oil hydrocarbons, which are the main geochemical pathways for its transformation into kerogen. Thus, the formation of carbon matter in petrogenic reservoirs is the result of regressive metamorphism of deep hydrocarbon fluids, natural gas, liquid oil, and emerging accumulations of naphthides.
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来源期刊
Russian Journal of Earth Sciences
Russian Journal of Earth Sciences GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
15.40%
发文量
41
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