Do we still need selective ovarian venography in diagnosis of pelvic venous disease in 2021?

Pelvic venous disease (PeVD) is an overlooked condition that can affect daily life of patients. Although medical history and physical examination may lead to suspicion of PeVD, accurate imaging is important for establishing the diagnosis with high certainty. Despite the increasing popularity of magnetic resonance imaging and Duplex ultrasound as non-invasive imaging methods, selective venography remains the gold-standard imaging method to establish the diagnosis of PeVD. In addition, venography provides an opportunity for treatment in a single procedure. In this chapter, we define the techniques for selective ovarian venography and discuss its clinical importance in diagnosis of PeVD.