{"title":"Le tout et les parties:添加,复制,创造","authors":"R. Cavailles","doi":"10.3406/CALIB.1999.1369","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A first version of the parts-whole dialectics is found in the analytic and reductionist rationalism of classical science, based on the logic of addition. The whole is then nothing but the sum of its parts. This logic rules Cartesian mechanicalism and applies only to «complicated» systems, reducible to simple elements. Leibniz's Monadology puts forward a new logic in which parts are approximately similar to the whole. This logic of reproduction still triumphs nowadays in fractal geometry with its notion of self-similarity. Systemic thought, taking into account complex systems, implements a third type of logic (and a third meaning) of the relation : that of emergence and creation, expressed by von Bertalanffy in his General Systems Theory. The whole is thus different from, and more than, the sum of its parts. Addition, reproduction and creation thus trace the evolution of the epistemes that have shaped scientific thought.","PeriodicalId":31138,"journal":{"name":"Anglophonia","volume":"38 1","pages":"5-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"LE TOUT ET LES PARTIES : ADDITION, REPRODUCTION, CREATION\",\"authors\":\"R. Cavailles\",\"doi\":\"10.3406/CALIB.1999.1369\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"A first version of the parts-whole dialectics is found in the analytic and reductionist rationalism of classical science, based on the logic of addition. The whole is then nothing but the sum of its parts. This logic rules Cartesian mechanicalism and applies only to «complicated» systems, reducible to simple elements. Leibniz's Monadology puts forward a new logic in which parts are approximately similar to the whole. This logic of reproduction still triumphs nowadays in fractal geometry with its notion of self-similarity. Systemic thought, taking into account complex systems, implements a third type of logic (and a third meaning) of the relation : that of emergence and creation, expressed by von Bertalanffy in his General Systems Theory. The whole is thus different from, and more than, the sum of its parts. Addition, reproduction and creation thus trace the evolution of the epistemes that have shaped scientific thought.\",\"PeriodicalId\":31138,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Anglophonia\",\"volume\":\"38 1\",\"pages\":\"5-18\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"1999-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Anglophonia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3406/CALIB.1999.1369\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anglophonia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3406/CALIB.1999.1369","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
LE TOUT ET LES PARTIES : ADDITION, REPRODUCTION, CREATION
A first version of the parts-whole dialectics is found in the analytic and reductionist rationalism of classical science, based on the logic of addition. The whole is then nothing but the sum of its parts. This logic rules Cartesian mechanicalism and applies only to «complicated» systems, reducible to simple elements. Leibniz's Monadology puts forward a new logic in which parts are approximately similar to the whole. This logic of reproduction still triumphs nowadays in fractal geometry with its notion of self-similarity. Systemic thought, taking into account complex systems, implements a third type of logic (and a third meaning) of the relation : that of emergence and creation, expressed by von Bertalanffy in his General Systems Theory. The whole is thus different from, and more than, the sum of its parts. Addition, reproduction and creation thus trace the evolution of the epistemes that have shaped scientific thought.