Medical complications of cocaine abuse

Cocaine use has increased dramatically in the past ten years and brings with it a broad range of medical complications. Cardiac, pulmonary, neurologic, and infectious complications are common. They may present during evaluation in the emergency department or during psychiatric evaluation of comorbid conditions. Sudden death and severe morbidity are possible during periods of intoxication and withdrawal. Other conditions create long-term health problems that must be addressed in cocaine abusing patients. By understanding the range and significance of possible medical problems, psychiatrists can ensure timely and appropriate evaluation, treatment, and referral to other specialists.