Reversible logic synthesis of k-input, m-output lookup tables

Improving circuit realization of known quantum algorithms by CAD techniques has benefits for quantum experimentalists. In this paper, we address the problem of synthesizing a given k-input, m-output lookup table (LUT) by a reversible circuit. This problem has interesting applications in the famous Shor's number-factoring algorithm and in quantum walk on sparse graphs. For LUT synthesis, our approach targets the number of control lines in multiple-control Toffoli gates to reduce synthesis cost. To achieve this, we propose a multi-level optimization technique for reversible circuits to benefit from shared cofactors. To reuse output qubits and/or zero-initialized ancillae, we un-compute intermediate cofactors. Our experiments reveal that the proposed LUT synthesis has a significant impact on reducing the size of modular exponentiation circuits for Shor's quantum factoring algorithm, oracle circuits in quantum walk on sparse graphs, and the well-known MCNC benchmarks.