一种新型单级砂岩酸化液

Haiyan Zhao, M. Ziauddin, P. Abivin, T. Yusuf, O. Karazincir, Wade Williams, B. Comeaux
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引用次数: 0

摘要

砂岩酸化作业通常包括溶剂和酸预冲、主酸处理和后冲阶段。然而,酸预冲洗阶段需要良好的设计和执行,以防止地层损坏。此外,多级作业需要大量的流体和泵送时间。因此,对砂岩地层,特别是粘土和碳酸盐含量高的砂岩地层进行增产改造具有挑战性。为了克服这些挑战,以经济有效的方式提高增产成功率,开发了一种新型的单级酸。对新酸体系的应用进行了实验室试验研究。通过岩心流动测试,评估Berea Gray和Bandera Gray在160°F至300°F范围内的增产效果。采用电感耦合等离子体(ICP)仪对废酸废水中的离子进行了分析。并与泥酸、有机泥酸进行了性能比较。采用间歇式反应器对酸岩反应进行了研究。并对其与原油和互溶溶剂的相容性进行了测试。岩心流动测试结果表明,在160°~ 300°F的温度范围内,这种新型酸可以有效地处理砂岩岩心。不同条件下,恢复渗透率范围为115% ~ 400%。与预冲酸与泥浆酸或有机泥浆酸的组合相比,新酸具有相似或更好的性能。通过ICP分析,在废酸废水中观察到高浓度的Al和Si,表明新酸对粘土的溶解能力强。废酸中含有高浓度的Ca和Mg,与碳酸盐具有良好的相容性。堆芯流动试验和间歇反应器试验均表明,新酸能稳定废酸中的问题离子(Al、Ca、Mg和Fe)。从岩心流动试验看,新型酸与相互溶剂相容;因此,可以消除相互溶剂预冲。与泥浆酸相比,新酸的pH值相对较高,具有良好的抗腐蚀性能。总的来说,新的单级酸在没有酸预冲和溶剂预冲的情况下,成功地对砂岩岩心进行了增产。该流体的一个与众不同的特点是,通过减少一次、二次和第三次降水,它大大降低了处理失败的风险,同时保持了对粘土的高溶解能力。与传统的单步砂岩酸化系统相比,它使用了一种不同的、更具成本效益的化学途径来稳定有问题的离子。新型流体通过减少处理液的总体积、流体级的总数量和井场所需的流体类型数量,简化了操作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Novel Single-Stage Sandstone Acidizing Fluid
Sandstone acidizing operations usually include solvent and acid preflush, main acid treatment, and post-flush stages. However, the acid preflush stage needs good design and execution to prevent formation damage. Moreover, multiple-stage operations require large-volume fluids and pumping time. Therefore, it is challenging to stimulate sandstone formations, especially those with high clay and carbonate content. A novel single-stage acid has been developed to overcome these challenges and improve the stimulation success rate in a cost-effective manner. The application of the new acid system has been studied in laboratory testing. Core flow tests were performed to evaluate the stimulation performance with Berea Gray and Bandera Gray from 160° to 300°F. An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) instrument was used to analyze the ions in the spent acid effluent. The performance was compared with mud acid and organic mud acid. The acid-rock reactions were studied by batch reactor tests. Compatibility with crude oil and mutual solvent was also tested. The results of core flow tests have shown that the new acid was used to treat the sandstone cores effectively at temperatures from 160° to 300°F. The regained permeability range varies from 115% to 400% under different conditions. The new acid provided similar or better performance compared with the combination of acid preflush and mud acid or organic mud acid. High concentrations of Al and Si were observed in the spent acid effluents by ICP analysis, indicating the high dissolution capacity of clays by the new acid. The new acid is highly compatible with carbonate, which was supported by the high concentrations of Ca and Mg in the spent acid. Both core flow tests and batch reactor tests have shown that the new acid stabilizes the problematic ions (Al, Ca, Mg and Fe) in the spent acid. The new acid is compatible with mutual solvent from the core flow tests; therefore, the mutual solvent preflush can be eliminated. The new acid also has good corrosion control due to the relatively high pH compared with mud acid. Overall, the new single stage acid has been used to stimulate the sandstone cores successfully without acid preflush and solvent preflush. A differentiating characteristic of the fluid is that it greatly reduces the risk of treatment failure by reducing primary, secondary, and tertiary precipitation, while maintaining high dissolving power for clays. It uses a different, more cost-effective chemical pathway to stabilize problematic ions compared to traditional single-step sandstone acidizing systems. The new fluid simplifies operation by reducing the total treatment fluid volume, the total number of fluid stages, and the number of fluid types needed at the wellsite.
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