使用协议从故障树分析中导出安全功能需求的案例研究

L. E. G. Martins, T. Oliveira
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引用次数: 15

摘要

需求工程中的最新技术提供了许多框架和技术来支持需求工程师的工作。然而,对于关键系统来说,在最先进的技术上存在差距,这可能会导致可怕的后果,可能危及生命,破坏基础设施并威胁环境。故障树分析(FTA)是一种众所周知的技术,用于帮助需求工程师了解安全关键软件环境中的安全危险情况。这种技术可以很好地将在系统上下文中确定的危险分解为可能使系统功能处于危险中的事件。然而,FTA并没有提供一个如何从故障树中导出安全功能需求的协议。在本文中,我们提出了一个案例研究,采用协议来帮助需求工程师从FTA中导出安全功能需求。拟议的议定书是根据巴西一家公司在电子医疗设备领域进行的一项研究拟订的。低成本胰岛素输注泵是胰岛素输注系统的关键系统,其样机的研制为提出并测试从FTA中获取安全功能需求的方案提供了基础。在案例研究中,我们收集了证据,帮助我们讨论FTA是否足以指导软件工程师实施相应的控制软件,FTA是否提供了足够的信息来帮助需求工程师得出安全功能需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A case study using a protocol to derive safety functional requirements from Fault Tree Analysis
State-of-the-art in Requirements Engineering offers many frameworks and techniques to enable requirements engineers in their work. However, for critical systems there are gaps in state-of-the-art, and these can result in dire consequences, potentially putting lives in danger and damage infrastructure and threaten the environment. A well known technique used to help requirements engineers to understand safety hazards situations in the context of safety-critical software is Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). This technique is a good one to decompose hazards identified in the system context into events that may put the system functionalities in risk. However, FTA does not offer a protocol of how to derive safety functional requirements from fault trees. In this paper we present a case study adopting a protocol to help requirements engineers to derive safety functional requirements from FTA. The proposed protocol was based on a study performed in a Brazilian company in the area of electronic medical devices. The development of prototype of a low cost insulin infusion pump, which is a critical system, offered the basis to propose and test a protocol to derive safety functional requirements from FTA. During the case study we collected evidences that help us to discuss if FTA is sufficient to guide software engineers to implement the corresponding control software and also if FTA offers enough information to help requirements engineers to derive safety functional requirements.
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