Effects of Polymorphism rs3123554 in the Cannabinoid Receptor GeneType 2 (Cnr2) on Body Weight and Insulin Resistance after Weight Losswith a Hypocaloric Mediterranean Diet

Background: There is few evidence of CNR2 SNPs and obesity. The role of CNR2 gene variants on weight loss after a dietary intervention remained uninvestigated. Objective: Our aim was to analyze the effects of rs3123554) of CNR2 receptor gene polymorphism on body weight, metabolic parameters and serum adipokine levels after a Mediterranean hypocaloric diet. Design: A Caucasian population of 82 obese patients was analyzed before and after 3 months on a Mediterranean hypocaloric diet. Results: In non A allele carriers, the decrease in weight -3.2 ± 1.9 kg (-2.2 ± 1.0 kg : p=0.02), BMI -1.0 ± 0.1 kg (-1.2 ± 0.5 kg : p=0.01), fat mass -2.5 ± 1.0 kg (-1.2 ± 0.8 kg : p=0.003), waist circumference -2.9 ± 1.1 cm (-2.1 ± 3.1 cm : p=0.004), systolic blood pressure were -5.9 ± 3.9 mmHg (-2.9 ± 2.2 mmHg), total cholesterol -25.1 ± 5.3 mg/dl (-6.4 ± 4.7 mg/dl : p=0.005), LDL- cholesterol -19.1 ± 9.5 mg/dl (-6.2 ± 8.5 mg/dl : p=0.003), glucose -5.2 ± 2.5 mg/dL (-0.1 ± 1.1 mg/dL : p=0.004), insulin -2.8 ± 1.3 mUI/L (-0.2 ± 1.0 mUI/L:p=0.01), HOMA-IR -0.9 ± 0.3 ( ± 0.1 ± 0.1 : p=0.01), IL-6 -0.7 ± 0.5 ng/dL (-0.1 ± 0.4 ng/dL:p=0.02) and CRP -2.8 ± 1.5 ng/dL ( ± 0.1 ± 0.2 ng/dL:p=0.02) were higher than A allele carriers. Conclusion: Non A allele carriers has a better improvement after a Mediterranean hypocaloric diet in body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, level of insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, IL-6 and CRP than A allele carriers.