刑事野生动物事务合作的必要性:加拿大野生动物官员面临的挑战和合作机制的案例研究

Q2 Social Sciences
Samantha de Vries
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要本文通过对10位加拿大专家的定性深入访谈,介绍并分析了加拿大野生动物官员在刑事野生动物事务中使用的合作机制。加拿大一直被用作非法野生动物贸易(IWT)的过境国,从加拿大物种衍生的“产品”有国内、区域和国际市场。大多数规模较大的刑事案件涉及刑事司法官员之间的机构间或双边合作,特别是与美国的合作。需要对这些合作努力进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)由于资源稀缺和对野生动物犯罪缺乏重视,加拿大的野生动物执法依赖于合作;(2)跨部门培训艾滋病法医能力;(3)加大对加拿大野生动物犯罪的检控力度,加大预算,并支持执法和取证方面的举措,可能会导致更多犯罪的发现和起诉;(4)应积极支持合作,因为它似乎是该国野生动物犯罪调查的支柱,已经暴露了不同程度的犯罪复杂性和参与IWT。调查结果有助于确定加拿大的执法障碍和最佳做法,强调在打击和识别野生动物犯罪方面,需要增加政治意愿和公众对野生动物执法和野生动物法医的支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Necessity of Cooperation in Criminal Wildlife Matters: A Case Study of The Challenges Faced and Cooperative Mechanisms Available to Canadian Wildlife Officials
Abstract This article presents and analyzes the mechanisms for cooperation used by wildlife officials in criminal wildlife matters in Canada, through qualitative in-depth interviews with ten Canadian experts. Canada has been used as a transit country for the illicit wildlife trade (IWT) and there is a domestic, regional, and international market for “product” derived from Canadian species. The majority of larger scale criminal cases have involved interagency or bilateral cooperation between criminal justice officials, particularly with the United States. An analysis of these cooperative efforts has been needed. This article’s findings suggest that: (1) wildlife enforcement in Canada relies on cooperation due to scarce resources and lack of priority given to wildlife crimes; (2) interagency training aids forensic capabilities; (3) more prosecutorial dedication to wildlife crimes in Canada, larger budgets, and supported initiatives for enforcement and forensics may result in the detection and prosecution of more crimes; and (4) cooperation should be actively supported because it appears to be the backbone of criminal wildlife investigations in the country, which have exposed different levels of criminal sophistication and involvement in the IWT. The findings help identify Canadian enforcement obstacles and best practices that highlight the need for increased political will and public support for wildlife enforcement and wildlife forensics in combating and identifying wildlife crime.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: Drawing upon the findings from island biogeography studies, Norman Myers estimates that we are losing between 50-200 species per day, a rate 120,000 times greater than the background rate during prehistoric times. Worse still, the rate is accelerating rapidly. By the year 2000, we may have lost over one million species, counting back from three centuries ago when this trend began. By the middle of the next century, as many as one half of all species may face extinction. Moreover, our rapid destruction of critical ecosystems, such as tropical coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and rainforests may seriously impair species" regeneration, a process that has taken several million years after mass extinctions in the past.
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