Comparative study of magnesium sulphate and dexmedetomidine in the attenuation of pressor response to intubation and on intraoperative haemodynamic parameters in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: Laryngoscopy and intubation incur a reflex sympathetic discharge. Laparoscopic pneumoperitoneum usually causes a hemodynamic response characterized by tachycardia and a rise in blood pressure (BP). The main aim of this study was to compare the beneficial effects of preoperative administration of magnesium sulphate (MgSo4) and dexmedetomidine on the hemodynamic changes of intubation and laparoscopic surgery. Methodology: A randomized, prospective, double-blinded interventional comparative study was conducted on 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomized into 2groups, of 30 each to receive magnesium sulphate (50mg/kg(Group A)) or dexmedetomidine(1mcg/kg(Group B)) before induction. Baseline readings of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), electrocardiography (ECG), and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2) were recorded. Results: Among 60 patients, the percentage of patients belonging to the American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II category were in group A (66.67%, 33.33%) and group B (63.33%,36.67%) respectively. Patients of both the groups were comparable on all demographic variables. Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate was better in controlling the stress response of intubation and of laparoscopic surgery. Also, it had extended analgesic effect on immediate post-operative pain which makes it better choice than dexmedetomidine to use as anesthetic adjuvant in general anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery. hemodynamic parameters (except Heart Rate). Visual analog, scale (VAS) was also lower in this group.