BASIS OF STABILIZING THE CUTTING OF WEEDS BY A CULTIVATOR WITH RIGHT- AND LEFT-SIDE SHEETS

The materials of the article consider the main problems associated with the overgrowth of weeds in the sown areas of the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis of methods for removing weeds proved the effectiveness of the mechanical method by performing soil cultivation. In order to reduce the energy intensity of the cultivation process, it is proposed to cut weeds at a minimum depth. For this, a new design of the cultivator with right- and left-handed paws was proposed, in which an elastic element is provided to stabilize the cutting depth. Based on the consideration of the process of cutting weeds with a cultivator’s paw, analytical dependencies were derived that provide a connection between the design and technological parameters of the working body of the cultivator with a minimum depth of cutting of weeds of 3-5 cm. field surface irregularities. To confirm the theoretical judgments, field studies of the cultivator of the proposed design and the serial cultivator KPS-4.0 mounted by the MTZ-82 tractor were carried out. In the course of the studies performed, it was found that the standard deviation of the depth of tillage for a serial cultivator was ±0.9÷±1.2 cm, and was higher compared to the values of the square deviation of the depth of tillage ±0.5÷±0, 6 cm experimental cultivator. At the same time, the serial cultivator provides 90% cutting of weeds, while the proposed one cuts 95% of weeds. All of the above allows us to conclude that the proposed cultivator with right- and left-handed paws is effective in tillage.