Some principles for modelling genotype–environment correlations and interactions with quantitative trait loci

Genotype measurements will increasingly be used in scientific disciplines to study genotype–environment correlations and interactions, and strengthen research designs. This report summarizes some principles for using quantitative trait loci in statistical models. Special attention is paid to the importance of choosing a suitable parameterization, the use of parents and/or siblings to control for population stratification, and the modelling of heterogeneous and correlated error variances.