Approaches to the formation of the Smart City management system in world practice

The purpose of the study is to systematize the ideas about the management of Smart City based on the global experience of smart cities. The article discusses approaches to the formation of a smart city management system, participants in the management system and communications between them, as well as other elements that ensure the effectiveness of management in the world's smart cities. The scientific novelty lies in determining the similarity of the approaches of smart leading cities to management, key principles and elements of the management system of a modern city. As a result, the general basic characteristics of the city management system were identified: the transition from a hierarchical model to a mechanism for the interaction of key stakeholders, including the population; implementation of the principle of openness in the development and monitoring of the implementation of the city's strategy; inclusion of business, science and education and other stakeholders in the process of developing and implementing city development projects; approbation of projects in strategic areas of city development on digital models and twins.