尼日利亚拉各斯学校卫生服务分类和学生卫生习惯

O. Z. Wada, E. Oloruntoba, M. Adejumo, O. Aluko
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引用次数: 7

摘要

由于缺乏关于发展中国家中学可获得的卫生设施数量的资料,阻碍了在这一领域实现可持续发展的努力。因此,本研究旨在弥补这一差距。横断面研究采用4阶段抽样技术,从拉各斯巴达格里的学校中选择386名学生。采用预测问卷和观察性检查表获取数据。数据分析采用描述性统计和5%显著性水平的logistic回归。受访者平均年龄15.8±1.5岁,女性占55.2%。现场观察显示,所有学校的卫生设施都得到了改善,而37%的可用厕所隔间无法让学生使用。大多数(85%)的设施提供有限的服务,而15%的设施提供基本服务。公立学校男女学生与厕所的比例分别为3191:1和642:1,而私立学校男女学生与厕所的比例分别为257:1和289:1。在学校观察到的一些卫生习惯是露天排便(35.4%)、不上厕所(21%)和长时间小便和粪便潴留(57.4%)。公立学校的学生露天排便的可能性大约是公立学校学生的3倍(OR=2.87;CI = 1.160 - -7.095)。此外,男学生更倾向于露天排便(OR=1.72;CI = 1.125 - -2.615)。所有的学校都没有达到尼日利亚联邦政府规定的每30个男孩/女孩有1个厕所的学校卫生标准。需要可持续的卫生干预和维护计划,以保障学生和整个社区的健康。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Classification of Sanitation Services and Students’ Sanitation Practices among Schools in Lagos, Nigeria
The paucity of information on the number of accessible sanitation facilities in secondary schools in developing countries has hindered efforts in attaining sustainable development in this area. Therefore, this study was designed to bridge that gap. The cross-sectional study utilized a 4-stage sampling technique to select 386 students from schools in Badagry, Lagos. Pre-tested questionnaire and observational checklists were used to obtain data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression at 5% level of significance. Respondents’ mean age was 15.8±1.5 years and 55.2% were female. On-site observation revealed that all the schools had improved sanitation facilities, while 37% of the available toilet compartments were inaccessible to the students. Majority (85%) of the facilities provided limited service, while 15% provided basic service. The student to toilet ratio for the public school girls and boys were 3191:1 and 642:1 respectively, while the private school had a ratio of 257:1 and 289:1 for girls and boys respectively. Some of the sanitation practices observed in the schools were open defecation (35.4%), toilet avoidance (21%), and prolonged urine and feacal retention (57.4%). Students from the public school were about 3 times more likely to practice open defecation (OR=2.87; CI=1.160-7.095). Also, male students were more likely to practice open defecation (OR=1.72; CI=1.125-2.615). All the schools did not meet the school sanitation standard of 1 toilet to 30 boys/girls set by the Federal Government of Nigeria. Sustainable sanitation-interventions and maintenance schemes are required to safeguard the health of the students and the community at large.
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