以聚电解质复合纳米颗粒为降滤失剂的水基钻井液优化

Lucas Whatley, R. Barati, Zach Kessler, J. Tsau
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引用次数: 4

摘要

众所周知,常规钻井液会破坏油井的产层。即使在滤饼形成之后,钻井液仍会泄漏到地层中,从而导致破坏机制的发生。这种滤液含有夹带的颗粒,这些颗粒可以进入岩石的孔隙空间,限制通过孔喉的流动,导致生产过程中渗透率降低。目前已经开发出了一种固体含量较低的清洁入井液,用于钻穿生产区时,以减轻泄漏造成的损害程度。这些流体不仅具有优异的防漏失性能,而且还具有传统流体的传统功能所需的流变特性。尽管这些流体含有较少的固体,从而减少了进入地层的颗粒量,但仍然能够流过滤饼的滤液同样具有破坏性。通过在滤饼内的纳米级间隙中引入纳米颗粒,可以进一步减少滤液体积。本研究重点研究了聚电解质复合物纳米颗粒(PECNP)作为滤失剂的应用,以进一步提高一般钻进液的滤饼过滤性能。基线液由氯化钠盐水、用于流变性和滤失的生物聚合物以及作为密度和桥接剂的碳酸钙组成。通过优化聚电解质的配比和pH,制备出稳定的PECNPs。加入不同稀释度的PECNPs,并在静态滤失装置中进行测试,比较滤液体积,以确定1/8稀释纳米颗粒的最佳体系。选择的系统随后在“Quasimodo”动态失滤装置中进行测试,成功地减少了失滤体积,降低了建壁系数。测试后的清理曲线分析显示,与使用基线钻井液相比,PECNP钻井液对岩心渗透率的破坏更小。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Water-Based Drill-In Fluid Optimization Using Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles as a Fluid Loss Additive
It is well known within the industry that conventional drilling fluids can damage the well's producing zone. Damage mechanisms occur due to leakage of drilling fluid into the formation even after the formation of a filter cake. This filtrate contains entrained particulates that can enter the pore spaces of the rock and restrict flow through the pore throats resulting in reduced permeability during production. Cleaner drill-in fluids with low solids content have been developed for use when drilling through a producing zone in an attempt to mitigate the extent of damage caused by leak-off. These fluids should not only provide excellent fluid loss prevention, but also exhibit the rheological characteristics needed to perform the traditional functions of conventional fluids. Even though these fluids reduce the amount of particulates entering the formation by containing less solids, the filtrate that is still able to flow through the filter cake can be equally as damaging. Reduction of filtrate volumes can be further achieved by introducing nanoparticles to bridge across the nano-sized gaps within the filter cake. This research focuses on the application of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PECNP) as a fluid loss additive to further enhance the filter cake filtration properties of a general drill-in fluid. A baseline fluid is formulated consisting of a sodium chloride brine, biopolymers for rheology and fluid loss purposes, and calcium carbonate as a density and bridging agent. The ratio and pH of polyelectrolytes were optimized in order to create stable PECNPs for this system. Different dilutions of PECNPs were added and tested in a static fluid loss setup, where filtrate volumes were compared to determine the best system of 1/8th diluted nanoparticles. The chosen system was then taken to be tested in the dynamic fluid loss setup "Quasimodo" where fluid loss volumes were successfully reduced and wall building coefficients lowered. Analysis of cleanup curves after testing revealed that the PECNP drill-in fluid was less damaging to the core permeability than when the baseline fluid was used.
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