Effect of cosurfactant on the supramolecular structure and physicochemical properties of non-ionic biocompatible microemulsions

Microemulsions are transparent, homogeneous and thermodynamically stable systems, formed spontaneously under a specific set of experimental conditions from mixtures of water and oil phases stabilized by a surfactant or a mixture of surfactant and cosurfactant. These systems exhibit some unique properties that make them particularly interesting as delivery systems, as much for the oral as for the topical route. In the present work, we have studied the domain of existence of non-ionic microemulsion systems within pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The results show a large area of microemulsion domain for O/W and W/O microemulsions. Depending on the proportion of components the apparent viscosity of the systems varied significantly. We have found that the presence of ethanol as cosurfactant affects the physical properties particularly the apparent viscosity and relative density. Analysis of the data indicated that the studied systems behave as non-Newtonian pseudoplastic shear-thinning fluids appropriated for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.