第一次世界大战期间基辅大学的学生和教学公司的日常生活

Аndrii Chutkyi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项工作的目的是调查第一次世界大战期间基辅高等学校的情况,作为乌克兰人口总体情绪日益变化的指标。研究的主要对象是学生,因为它是一种社会的集中表达,因为在20世纪初,乌克兰的大学数量很少,这决定了来自各个地区和社会地位的人在每一所大学中的存在。还调查了那场战争对基辅教授教学公司的影响。研究方法以一般科学方法和特殊科学方法(结构-系统、分析、综合、比较-历史、问题-时间顺序、历史-类型学等)、科学性原则和客观性为基础。科学的新颖性在于在科学的流通中引入一些已有的资料作为补充,但根据新的问题进行分析,这些资料特别相关,并使高等学校的学生团体和教授-教学团体成为整个社会世界观、原则和态度变化的推动者。结论。事实证明,基辅大学的学生和教职员工立即感受到俄罗斯帝国内部政策变化的影响,这在20世纪初引发了既定价值体系的危机。与此同时,教授教学公司也难以察觉这些变化。相反,学生群体不仅站起来与传统彻底决裂,而且还反对当局,这成为整个社会这些趋势的一种“警告指标”。然而,这个消息并没有被帝国当局接受。考虑到在乌克兰随后的历史中,学生团体是所有旨在改变现有制度的积极行动的发起者,因此确定了学生团体历史的重要研究方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Everyday life of the students and teaching corporation of Kyiv universities during the First World War
The purpose of the work is to investigate the situation of Kyiv higher school dur- ing World War I as an indicator of increasing changes in the general mood of the Ukrainian population. Th e key object of the study is studentship, as it was a kind of concentrated expression of society due to the small number of universities in Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century, which determined the presence in each of them of people from all regions and social statuses. Th e infl uence of that war on the Kyiv professor-teaching corporation is also investigated. Th e research methodology is based on general and special scientifi c methods (structural-systemic, analysis, synthesis, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, historical-typological, etc.), principles of scientifi city, and objectivity. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in the introduction into the scientifi c circulation of sources that are supplemented by already known sources but analyzed in the light of new problems, which are particularly relevant and allow to identify the student body and the professor-teaching corporation of the higher school as promoters of changes in the world- view principles and attitudes of the entire society. Conclusions. It is proven that the students and teaching staff of Kyiv universities immediately felt the impact of the change in the internal policy of the Russian Empire, which provoked a crisis of the established value systems at the beginning of the XX century. At the same time, the professor-teaching corporation had diffi culty perceiving the changes. Instead, the student body not only stood up for a radical break with tradition but also against the authorities, which became a kind of “warning indicator” of these trends in soci- ety as a whole. However, this message was not accepted by the imperial authorities. Taking into account that in the subsequent history of Ukraine, the student body was the initiator of all active actions aimed at changing the existing system, a signifi cant research direction into the history of the student body was determined.
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