在线指导的在家狗狗训练课程对COVID-19期间主人焦虑、情绪和一般自我效能的影响

A. Napier, P. Bennett, T. Howell
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引用次数: 2

摘要

许多研究已经证明,与狗进行短暂、无组织的互动对人类有积极影响,包括改善情绪和减少焦虑。然而,很少有研究探索人类与狗一起参加更有组织的服从训练时的心理影响。这项研究调查了在COVID-19封锁期间,主人在自己家中与自己的狗一起参加一次在线指导培训的效果。将这一组与与他们的狗进行非结构化玩耍的类似组进行比较。研究人员还测量了狗主人的关系质量,以调查这是否会影响观察到的结果变量的变化。参与者(N = 83)被分配到训练组,包括10分钟的基本服从训练,或游戏组,包括10分钟的非结构化游戏。在课程开始之前,每组的参与者都观看了展示互动的视频,然后完成了狗主人关系量表(DORS),以衡量主人与狗的关系质量。在治疗前后,他们分别完成了状态特质焦虑量表(STAI-6)、积极和消极影响量表(PANAS)和新一般自我效能量表(NGSE)的六项版本。采用混合的多变量方差分析(MANOVA)和后续的bonferroni校正单变量方差分析,测量各组间结果随时间的差异。结果表明,两组之间没有显著差异,但随着时间的推移,两组在所有测量指标上的得分都有显著的、很大的影响。多元回归分析了结果测量和DORS之间的相互作用,发现没有显著的影响,表明狗主人的关系并没有随着时间的推移调节观察到的改善。这项初步研究的结果表明,与狗狗进行简短的、单次的在线指导互动——无论是训练还是玩耍——都能给狗主人带来短期的心理上的好处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effects of an Online-Guided, At-Home Dog Training Session on Owner Anxiety, Mood, and General Self-Efficacy During COVID-19
Many studies have now demonstrated the positive effects on humans from brief, unstructured interactions with dogs, including improved mood and reduced anxiety. Few studies, though, have explored the psychological impact when humans take part in more structured obedience training with the dog. This study examined the effects of owners taking part in a single session of online-guided training with their own dog in their own home during COVID-19 lockdowns. This group was compared to a similar group having an unstructured play session with their dog. Dog-owner relationship quality was also measured to investigate whether this influenced any observed changes to the outcome variables. Participants (N = 83) were assigned to either the training group, involving 10-minutes of basic obedience training, or a play group, involving 10-minutes of unstructured play. Before the sessions, participants in each group watched videos demonstrating the interaction and then completed the Dog Owner Relationship Scale (DORS) to measure owner-dog relationship quality. Before and immediately after the session, they completed the 6-item version of the state scale of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the New General Self-Efficacy Scale (NGSE). A mixed between-within multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted with follow-up Bonferroni-corrected univariate analysis of variance, to measure differences in the outcomes between groups over time. Results indicated no significant differences between groups, but revealed a significant, large effect on scores for both groups on all measures over time. Multiple regression, analysing interaction effects between the outcome measures and the DORS, found no significant effects, indicating dog-owner relationship did not moderate the observed improvements over time. Results from this preliminary study suggest that a brief, single-session, online-guided interaction with a dog – whether training or playing with them – can confer short-term, psychological benefits for the owners.
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