Ethnic Differences in Cultural Models of Breast Cancer Support Groups

Given the well-documented underrepresentation of ethnic participants in mainstream support groups and the disparity in breast cancer survivorship among ethnic minorities, the current proliferation of ethnic-specific cancer support groups is not surprising. This study employed qualitative and quantitative methods, including cultural consensus analysis, to examine core elements of breast cancer support group models among African-American, European American, and Latina women and describe the perceived role of support groups in the recovery experience. Results indicate a core cultural model of breast cancer support groups exists and the fundamental elements of peer support and encouragement, helping others, talking about worries/ fears, staying active/involved, friendship/bonding, and learning from others are broadly shared across ethnically diverse communities. Elements distinctive to ethnic-specific self-help groups were also identified. Findings provide insight into factors motivating attendance and retention in support groups and may guide recommendations for better meeting the social support needs of culturally diverse patients.