基于webbrtc的远程教学应用的动态视频比特率适配

Stefano Petrangeli, Dries Pauwels, Jeroen van der Hooft, Jürgen Slowack, T. Wauters, F. Turck
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引用次数: 6

摘要

远程教学应用现在很普遍。通常,这些应用程序类似于视频点播流媒体平台,而不是真正的虚拟教室,一群学生(接收者)可以远程参加讲师(发送者)的现场讲座。为了更好地支持这种实时场景,可以使用实时通信(RTC)解决方案。WebRTC是一个开源项目,用于实时基于浏览器的会议,开发时考虑到点对点架构。要使用WebRTC,每个接收端都需要在发送端使用专用编码器。就编码器而言,使用这种方法是昂贵的,并且不能很好地扩展到大量用户。为了克服这个问题,提出了一个符合webrtc的框架,其中只使用有限数量的编码器。一个集中的节点,即会议控制器,根据接收者的带宽条件,动态地将最合适的流转发给接收者。此外,控制器动态地重新计算发送方的编码比特率。这种方法允许密切跟踪接收器的长期带宽变化,即使在发送端具有有限数量的编码器。为了在现实环境中评估所提出的框架的性能,使用Chrome浏览器和开源jitsi - videbridge实现了一个测试平台。在一个有10个接收器和3个编码器的场景中,在现实的网络条件下,与编码比特率不随时间变化的静态解决方案相比,所提出的框架将接收到的视频比特率提高了11%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dynamic video bitrate adaptation for WebRTC-based remote teaching applications
Remote teaching applications are common nowa-days. Very often, these applications resemble video-on-demand streaming platforms rather than real virtual classrooms, where a group of students (the receivers) can remotely attend a live lecture held by a lecturer (the sender). To better support this live scenario, Real-Time Communication (RTC) solutions can be used. WebRTC is an open-source project for real-time browser- based conferencing, developed with a peer-to-peer architecture in mind. To use WebRTC, each receiver requires a dedicated encoder at sender-side. Using such approach is expensive in terms of encoders, and does not scale well for a large number of users. To overcome this issue, a WebRTC-compliant framework is proposed, where only a limited number of encoders are used. A centralized node, the conference controller, dynamically forwards the most suitable stream to the receivers, based on their bandwidth conditions. Moreover, the controller dynamically recomputes the encoding bitrates of the sender. This approach allows to closely follow the long-term bandwidth variations of the receivers, even with a limited number of encoders at sender-side. To evaluate the performance of the proposed framework in a realistic environment, a testbed has been implemented using the Chrome browser and the open-source Jitsi-Videobridge. In a scenario with 10 receivers and 3 encoders, and under realistic network conditions, the proposed framework improves the received video bitrate up to 11%, compared to a static solution where the encoding bitrates do not change over time.
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