月球和行星导航计时系统的发展

G. Weaver, B. Kantsiper
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引用次数: 5

摘要

未来的月球和行星任务都将涉及使用越来越多的轨道飞行器、着陆器和机器人漫游车,它们的目标不断扩大,覆盖的陆地面积也越来越大。将这些单独的资产协调成一个能够支持复杂勘探活动的系统,必然需要一个能够直接协助导航、事件同步和向地球进行中继通信的本地计时系统。约翰霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室(JHU/APL)已经开发出一种训练石英超稳定振荡器(USO)的方法,将其优越的频率稳定性从10秒延长到近30天的工作时间。这是通过卡尔曼估计器来实现的,该估计器最佳地消除了自由运行的USO的漂移。通过定期将USO的频率与原子参考(通常位于地球上)进行比较,并通过定期上行会话将其准确性传递给计时系统,可以提高估计器的准确性。这是一种通常被称为“训练振荡器”的方法。JHU/APL将报告一个有纪律的USO的准确性,该USO在30天内保持优于±1.5 μ秒,并描述我们迈向强大的计时系统的路线图,该系统能够为月球和行星导航基础设施和计时提供短期和长期的频率稳定性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Developments Toward a Disciplined Timekeeping System for Lunar and Planetary Navigation
The future of both lunar and planetary missions will involve the use of an increasing number of orbiters, landers and robotic rovers with ever expanding objectives over greater land area range. The coordination of these individual assets into a system capable of supporting complex exploration activities will necessarily require a local timekeeping system able to directly assist navigation, event synchronization and trunk communication back to Earth. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) has derived a method for disciplining quartz Ultra-stable Oscillators (USO) to extend its superior frequency stability from 10 seconds to nearly 30 days of operating time. This is accomplished through a Kalman estimator that optimally removes the drift of the free running USO. The accuracy of the estimator is improved by periodically comparing the frequency of the USO to an atomic reference, typically located on the Earth, and transferring its accuracy to the timekeeping system via periodic uplink sessions. This is a method most frequently known as 'disciplining an oscillator'. JHU/APL will report on the accuracy of a disciplined USO that maintains better than plusmn1.5 mu seconds over 30 days and describe our roadmap toward a robust, timekeeping system capable of providing both short-term and long-term frequency stability for lunar and planetary navigation infrastructure and timekeeping.
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