J. Korzeniowska, E. Stanisławska-Glubiak, W. Lipiński
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Limit values were developed by two independent methods: 1) the regression equation method and 2) the so-called high yield method. In the first case, the limit microelement concentration in soil was calculated from the equation describing the relationship between the bioaccumulation factor (R/G) and a specific soil feature (n=1921). The bioaccumulation factor is the quotient of the concentration of a micronutrient in a plant (R) and its concentration in the soil (G) determined by the Mehlich 3 method. The equations were constructed using the Stagraphics program. For each micronutrient, 8 models were tested in search for the equation with the highest determination coefficient r2. Limit values were calculated after substituting the critical value of microelements in the plant (R) to the selected model and transforming the equation accordingly. The basis of the second method was to separate the “high yield group” ≥7.0 t ha−1 (n=578) from the entire data set. In this group, lower quintiles for the Mehlich 3-concentration of individual microelements in soil were calculated. The lower quintiles (QU1) were taken as limit values. It was assumed that QU1 is a good indicator of the lowest micronutrient concentration in the soil at which a yield of 7.0 t ha−1 or higher can be obtained. The comparison of the values calculated with the regression equations method and the high yield method showed their similarity, which confirmed the reliability of these values. 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引用次数: 5
摘要
摘要为在波兰农化实验室实施Mehlich 3法,制定了小麦土壤中B、Cu、Fe、Mn和Zn缺乏症限量值。这些价值是根据1921年均匀分布在波兰各地的麦田开发的。2016年,在茎伸长阶段(BBCH 30/31),从这些田中采集土壤样品和生长在其上的植物。测定了所有土壤和植物样品中微量元素的浓度。此外,还测定了土壤样品的pH、质地、有机碳和速效磷含量。此外,还估算了各田小麦收获后的粮食产量。极限值是通过两种独立的方法确定的:1)回归方程法和2)所谓的高产法。在第一种情况下,根据描述生物积累因子(R/G)与特定土壤特征(n=1921)之间关系的方程计算土壤中微量元素的极限浓度。生物积累因子是植物中微量营养素的浓度(R)与土壤中微量营养素的浓度(G)之商,由Mehlich 3法测定。这些方程是用Stagraphics程序构造的。对每种微量营养素分别试验8个模型,寻找决定系数r2最高的方程。将植物中微量元素的临界值(R)代入所选模型,并对方程进行变换,计算出极限值。第二种方法的基础是从整个数据集中分离出≥7.0 t ha - 1 (n=578)的“高产组”。在该组中,计算了土壤中个别微量元素的Mehlich 3浓度的下五分位数。取下五分位数(QU1)作为极限值。假设QU1是土壤中最低微量元素浓度的良好指标,在该浓度下可获得7.0 tha - 1或更高的产量。将回归方程法与高产法计算的结果进行比较,发现两者具有相似性,证实了计算结果的可靠性。建议的数值确定了用Mehlich 3法测定土壤中微量元素低浓度的限度,低于该限度时,建议使用这些营养素对小麦进行施肥。
Development of the limit values of micronutrient deficiency in soil determined using Mehlich 3 extractant for Polish soil conditions. Part I. Wheat
Abstract To implement the Mehlich 3 method in Polish agro-chemical laboratories, limit values for deficiency of B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in soil for wheat were developed. The values were developed on the basis of 1921 fields with wheat, evenly distributed throughout Poland. Soil samples were collected from these fields in 2016, together with the plants growing on them, at the stage of stem elongation (BBCH 30/31). The concentration of micronutrients was determined in all soil and plant samples. In addition, pH, texture, and the content of organic carbon and available phosphorus were determined in soil samples. Moreover, grain yield after wheat harvest was estimated for all fields. Limit values were developed by two independent methods: 1) the regression equation method and 2) the so-called high yield method. In the first case, the limit microelement concentration in soil was calculated from the equation describing the relationship between the bioaccumulation factor (R/G) and a specific soil feature (n=1921). The bioaccumulation factor is the quotient of the concentration of a micronutrient in a plant (R) and its concentration in the soil (G) determined by the Mehlich 3 method. The equations were constructed using the Stagraphics program. For each micronutrient, 8 models were tested in search for the equation with the highest determination coefficient r2. Limit values were calculated after substituting the critical value of microelements in the plant (R) to the selected model and transforming the equation accordingly. The basis of the second method was to separate the “high yield group” ≥7.0 t ha−1 (n=578) from the entire data set. In this group, lower quintiles for the Mehlich 3-concentration of individual microelements in soil were calculated. The lower quintiles (QU1) were taken as limit values. It was assumed that QU1 is a good indicator of the lowest micronutrient concentration in the soil at which a yield of 7.0 t ha−1 or higher can be obtained. The comparison of the values calculated with the regression equations method and the high yield method showed their similarity, which confirmed the reliability of these values. The proposed values define the limit for low microelements concentration in soil determined with the Mehlich 3 method, below which wheat fertilization with these nutrients is recommended.
期刊介绍:
Soil Science Annual journal is a continuation of the “Roczniki Gleboznawcze” – the journal of the Polish Society of Soil Science first published in 1950. Soil Science Annual is a quarterly devoted to a broad spectrum of issues relating to the soil environment. From 2012, the journal is published in the open access system by the Sciendo (De Gruyter).