Impact elements of feed grinder: a review

The article deals with the issue concerning the working bodies of technological equipment designed for grinding pieces and particles of feed raw materials. The most profiTable feed raw materials are by-products and waste materials of animal origin, which have a valuable high-protein content. An alternative way of mandatory waste disposal is their processing, including mechanical grinding to obtain feed products. In the process of grinding, particular importance is given to the working bodies, with the help of which the raw material is directly divided into parts. In this case, the destruction of the feed material often occurs by means of impact. Impact phenomena have proven to be highly effective in the process of intense cracking and chipping, which leads to the desired separation of the crushed particles into smaller ones. However, it is found that crushers have insufficient efficiency of impact elements. The work analyzes the processes of impact grinding from the standpoint of a number of scientific hypotheses, theories, modeling, simulation, experience and approbation, presented in various scientific publications. When studying and improving the theory of impact, attention is paid to nonlinear problems, cracking, modernization of the theory of brittle fracture, diagrams of force changes during impact force, impact equations, wave theory of impact, peridynamic theory. It should be noted that the main scientific results are directly reflected in the improvement of the design features of hammers. It has been revealed that the main improvement in the design of impact elements is in the direction of increasing the efficiency of working surfaces and developing the combination of impact with cutting, abrasion and crushing