城市规模带来的步数差异:基于2006-2010年国民健康与营养调查数据的横向研究

正裕 井原, 朋子 高宮, 大谷 由美子, 優子 小田切, 教照 福島, 俊夫 林, 宏幸 菊池, 弘樹 佐藤, 輝一 下光, 茂子 井上
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引用次数: 3

摘要

虽然越来越多的关于有利于体育锻炼的最佳社区环境的证据支持了这一观点,但几乎没有证据表明城市居民比农村居民从事更多的体育锻炼。这项研究利用日本国家健康与营养调查(NHNS)的数据,研究了城市规模与每日步数之间的关系,试图填补这一研究空白。方法我们分析了15763名20岁及以上的男性和18479名女性的数据,这些人在2006年至2010年期间参加了为期一天的计步器测量。这些年来获得的数据被合并成一个数据集。城市规模按人口划分为5类:1)12个大城市和23个区,2)人口在15万以上,3)人口在5 -15万之间,4)人口在5万以下,5)乡镇。使用ANCOVA分析城市规模组之间的每日步数差异,并根据性别调整年龄。多元比较采用Bonferroni法,线性趋势检验采用线性回归。按年龄(20-39岁、40-64岁、64岁以上)和工作状态进行亚组分析。这项研究得到了东京医科大学伦理委员会的批准,这些数据的使用符合日本统计法。结果经年龄调整后的男性日均步数为:组1:7494±4429 (mean±SD),组2:7407±4428,组3:7206±4428,组4:6911±4428,组5:6715±4429。按城市规模分组,1 ~ 5组女性日均步数分别为6767±3648、6386±3647、6062±3646、6069±3649、6070±3649。两种性别之间的总体差异有统计学意义(ANCOVA, P<0.001)。城市规模越大,男性和女性的日均步数越多(两种趋势的P值均<0.001)。亚组分析显示,无论男女年龄或工作状况如何,城市规模的平均每日步数都存在显著差异。在第3、4、5组中,失业男性、64岁以上男性或整体女性之间没有显著差异,这与在小城市走路较少的有工作男性的结果不同。我们的研究表明,与生活在小城市的男性和女性相比,生活在大城市的男性和女性走了更多的步骤。亚组分析进一步显示,城市规模与体育活动之间的关系因性别、年龄和工作状况而异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
都市規模による歩数の違い:国民健康・栄養調査2006-2010年のデータを用いた横断研究
: Objective There is little evidence showing that inhabitants of urban areas engage in more physical activity than do rural ones, although accumulating evidence concerning the best neighborhood environments conducive to physical activity supports the idea. This study sought to fill the research gap by examining the association between city scale and daily steps using data from Japan's National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS).Methods We analyzed data from 15,763 men and 18,479 women aged 20 years and older who participated in a one-day pedometer measurement during any part of the NHNS between 2006 and 2010. The data obtained for these years were combined into a single data set. City scale was categorized into 5 groups based on population: 1) 12 large cities and 23 wards, 2) population greater than 150,000, 3) population 50,000-150,000, 4) population less than 50,000, and 5) towns and villages. Differences in daily steps among city scale groups were analyzed using an ANCOVA, adjusting for age by gender. The Bonferroni method was employed for multiple comparisons, and linear regression was used to test for linear trends. Subgroup analyses were performed by age (20-39, 40-64, older than 64), and job status. The study was approved by the Tokyo Medical University ethics committee, and use of these data complied with the Statistics Act of Japan.Results The steps per day for men after adjusting for age were Group 1 : 7,494±4,429 (mean±SD), Group 2 : 7,407±4,428, Group 3 : 7,206±4,428, Group 4 : 6,911±4,428, and Group 5 : 6,715±4,429. Women's daily steps according to city scale group were 6,767±3,648, 6,386±3,647, 6,062±3,646, 6,069±3,649, and 6,070±3,649 for Groups 1 through 5, respectively. There were overall statistically significant differences (ANCOVA, P<0.001) between both genders. The larger the city scale, the more mean daily steps that were taken by both men and women (P values for both trends <0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed significant differences in the mean daily steps by city scale, regardless of age or job status for both genders. There were no significant differences among Groups 3, 4, or 5 among unemployed men, men older than 64, or overall women, which differed from the results for men with jobs, who took fewer steps in smaller cities.Conclusions Our study showed that men and women living in larger cities took more steps compared to those living in smaller cities. Subgroup analyses further revealed that the associations between city scale and physical activity differed according to gender, age, and job status.
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