Evaluation of the relationship between ABO and Rh blood groups system with diabetes mellitus type 2 among Patients in Al-Muthanna Governorate

Background: The ABO blood types are linked to a number of serious chronic medical conditions. An link between the ABO blood group and risk for type 2 diabetes has been discovered in earlier investigations. The purpose of the research is to determine if type 2 diabetes and the ABO blood types are related in any way. Methods: A case control study that was carried out over the course of two years and eight months in the medical ward of Al-Khidhir General Hospital and a private clinic in the province of Al-Muthanna. There were 400 adults that took part, split into two groups as follows: 200 people with type 2 diabetes who were already getting treatment made up the case group, whereas 200 healthy people made up the control group. Each participant gave a blood sample, which was used for a blood group, Rh, and random blood sugar test. Results: Blood group O was shown to be the most likely to be protective against the development of type 2 DM (OR= 0.71) whereas blood group B was revealed to be a significant independent risk factor for increased chance of developing type 2 DM (OR= 2.07). As this research indicated, blood group B is associated with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, while blood group O has the least relationship, blood group is thought to be a risk factor and may help in disease assessment. Since people with blood group B are more prone to develop type 2 diabetes, clinicians should exercise more caution and close supervision of these patients.