身体活动的生理效应

Frédéric Costes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

许多适应已被观察到与身体活动(PA)有关,涉及到每个器官。其中,骨骼肌和心血管功能、代谢、骨量、精神状态、睡眠、疼痛和免疫等方面表现更为明显。这些有益的健康相关适应与最大有氧能力(VO2max)或肌肉力量的增加有关,这是生存的有力预测指标(每3.5 mL/kg/min VO2max增加,死亡率降低12%)。这些影响及其幅度与PA的类型(休闲时间、家庭、职业任务)及其持续时间/频率有关。这些适应在人的一生中都可以观察到,但在老年人中尤为重要,因为它们可以通过改善心血管风险因素和肌肉减少症来减缓衰老过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effets physiologiques de l’activité physique

Numerous adaptations have been observed with physical activity (PA), concerning every organ. Among them, skeletal muscle and cardiovascular functions, metabolism, bone mass, mental state, sleep, pain and immunity are the more evident. These beneficial health-related adaptations are associated with an increase in maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) or muscle strength, which are strong predictors of survival (12 % decrease of death per 3,5 mL/kg/min increase of VO2max). These effects and their magnitude are linked to the type of PA performed (leisure time, domestic, occupational tasks) and their duration/frequency. These adaptations are observed during the life span, but are particularly important among the elderly, where they can slow down the aging process by improving cardiovascular risk factors and sarcopenia.

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