17世纪下半叶,爱沙尼亚和利沃尼亚庄园建筑群对木本植物的使用

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Sulev Nurme
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们对17世纪爱沙尼亚和利沃尼亚的景观建筑知之甚少。大多数信息是基于在历史档案和文学资料中发现的描述,以及一些著名的雕刻。根据这些观点,那个时代的景观建筑的一个普遍观点是,它在规模和设计上都很简陋,类似于中世纪晚期的做法,当时没有空间或野心在城堡的小花园中种植木本植物。但是,当深入研究可追溯到17世纪最后几十年的瑞典庄园规划时,可以注意到,庄园中心的布局是早期巴洛克式空间设计的固有特征,其特点是景观经过了强烈的重新设计,包括装饰性花园、厨房花园和公园。本文主要关注17世纪下半叶爱沙尼亚和利沃尼亚庄园公园的空间构成,并观察树木在这些景观中的作用及其使用。本文基于一项关于巴洛克式庄园规划的研究结果,了解18世纪爱沙尼亚庄园建筑群在当代规划和保护中的作用(Eesti 18)。Sajandi mõisaansamblidSajandi maastikuplaneerimises: avastamine, mõistmine, tõlgendamine),由本文作者进行。地图分析结果涉及庄园建筑群的空间结构和分析过程中的观测结果。本文探讨了在17世纪爱沙尼亚庄园中使用木本植物的可能方法,同时将庄园整体视为早期巴洛克风格的建筑。根据研究结果,可以说,到17世纪最后几十年,最富有的庄园已经建造了庄园中心,其布局适度,但具有明显的巴洛克风格,其特点是规则对称的整体核心,一个与主建筑轴向连接的花园和通往景观的大道。这种类型的方法能够扩大爱沙尼亚和利沃尼亚庄园中心时代花园和公园建筑的共同概念。根据文章所强调的内容,可以说,园林艺术的传统和实践已经形成了爱沙尼亚景观的形象,在17世纪末就已经发展起来了。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The use of woody plants in Estonian and Livonian manor ensembles during the second half of the 17th century
Not much is known about the 17th-century Estonian and Livonian landscape architecture. Most of the information is based on the descriptions found in historical archival and literary sources and on some of the well-known engravings. According to these, a common idea of that era's landscape architecture is that it was humble in scale and design, and was similar to the practice of late-medieval times when there was no space or ambition to grow woody plants in small gardens of castles. But when diving into the Swedish manor plans dating back to the last decades of the 17th century, it can be noted that the layouts of manorial hearts are inherent to the spatial design of early baroque, which is characterized by a landscape that has strongly been redesigned and includes a decorative garden, kitchen garden and a park. This article focuses on the spatial composition of Estonian and Livonian manor parks of the second half of the 17th century and observes the role of trees and their use in these landscapes. This article is based on the results of a study about the planning of baroque manor hearts Understanding the Role of 18th Century Estonian Manor Ensembles in Contemporary Planning and Conservation (Eesti 18. sajandi mõisaansamblid 21. sajandi maastikuplaneerimises: avastamine, mõistmine, tõlgendamine) which was carried out by the author of this article. The map analysis results deal with the spatial structure of manor ensembles and the observations made during the analysis. The article examines the possible ways of using woody plants in 17th-century Estonian manors while looking at the manor ensemble as an architectonic of early baroque. Based on the research results it can be said that by the last decades of the 17th century the wealthiest manors had already built manor hearts with a modest but a clearly baroque style layout which is characterized by a regular and symmetrical ensemble core, a garden axially connected to the main building and avenues heading into the landscape. This type of approach enables to broaden the common conception of the era's garden and park architecture in the manor hearts of Estonia and Livonia. Based on what is highlighted in the article it can be said that the tradition and practice of garden art that has shaped the image of Estonian landscape had already been developed by the end of the 17th century.
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来源期刊
Forestry Studies
Forestry Studies Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Forestry
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